יIt is possible that the day will come and instead of anthropology they will study "apeology" (from the language APE - apes)
Before we get to the point, a bit of order: according to the accepted approach, about 5 - 7 million years ago, the "ancestors" of the genus Homo - hereafter Homo - separated from their family, the Apes.
In the human genus, a number of species are recognized, the latest among them being: the skilled - H. habilis, the upright - H. erectus, which was the first to come out of Africa about a million and a half years ago. The Neanderthal H. neanderthalensis who settled in Asia and Europe about 300 thousand years ago, and the latest (intelligent) sapiens - HOMO SAPIENS who came out of Africa and "conquered" the world in about 60 thousand years. Some consider him "the smartest and best of his kind".
It is worth mentioning that until about 30 years ago the Neanderthal and the Neanderthal were considered two subspecies (races) of the same species, therefore the full name of the Neanderthal was Homo sapiens Neanderthalis while the Neanderthal was called Homo sapiens sapiens.
We will also mention those who are considered "closest" to humans, namely the Pan chimpanzees, which are divided into two species: the common chimpanzee Pan troglodytes and the pygmy chimpanzee Pan paniscus, also known as the bonobo.
Since the status and genetic proximity of the two species of chimpanzees have not yet been fully tested, we will refer to them hereafter as ... chimpanzees. We will add and remind that some claim that they belong to the same species, and there are even those who claim that the species (taxonomic) of the human being is in the same species!
And now to the main point: the world is a commotion, genetic tests have shown the closeness between modern man and Neanderthals, a closeness that the researchers interpret as: matings between Spines and Neanderthals, matings that resulted in offspring that continued the generation, i.e. fertile offspring - , we
About three years ago, based on a genetic analysis of a hair pulled from a Neanderthal skeleton, the researchers concluded that the man was a "redhead", the media had a "holiday" and everyone described The Neanderthal population as a group of "redheads with low foreheads" that we have nothing in common with.
Biologists who argue for two species rely on the visual, behavioral, cultural and social differences. But such differences exist today between different populations - see the differences between a Western European and an Australian native, or an African native from the San tribe in the south or from the dwarf group in the center. There were those who tried to describe the relationship between the Spines and Neanderthals as impossible and even as "blasphemy", there were those who claimed that matings and pregnancy were physiologically impossible. Today, after the new discoveries, the media is shouting "Neanderthals mated with Spaniards" as if it were a blue ribbon. And what's the wonder? Mating between a modern man and a "redhead" Low forehead" can only be considered blasphemy (or a blue ribbon).
What prevented the possibility of defining Spines and Neanderthals as one biological species is the practical impossibility of trying to mate between the two, since the biological definition of a species is "those whose offspring of a mating between two individuals (male and female) will be fertile" .
Even today, despite the "genetic approach" in which kinship between species is determined by comparing the differences (and similarities) in DNA, the accepted approach is that if as a result of the mating of two individuals, an offspring is born Healthy and fertile, meaning an offspring that will continue its existence and give birth to offspring that will give birth to offspring... and so on, the meaning of this is that - the first two parents (and all their offspring) belong to the same biological species.
That is: if the body of each of us (apart from Africans) has genes common to Neanderthals, if each of us is the result of the mating of Spines and Neanderthals... Spines and Neanderthals constitute one biological species. In the enclosed article, we will mention the severe blow to race theories, as it turns out that the "cleaner" species of Neanderthal genes are the Africans.
There is a claim that "the genes that were discovered were present in my parents leaving Africa, were present in the African population from which the Neanderthals came first, and then the Spines, that is, the genes survived for tens of thousands of years in the population of the Spines that left Africa, but, while At that time they were lost (extinct) in the original population." Until the possibilities are examined and the claims are initiated, it is (still) permissible to continue the illusion that "we are a superior species".
This does not mean that "the Neanderthals still exist among us". Many archeological evidences show their extinction, but that before they became extinct they managed to transfer their genetic heritage to the Spines, a heritage that was recently discovered and published in the media. For there is no wonder in the fact that tiny groups of Spaniards who left Africa came into (sexual) contact with the permanent residents of the areas they arrived at, the permanent residents were... Neanderthals!
The wide geographical distribution of the traces of the Neanderthal genes shows the long time that has passed since the (sexual) contact, a time that made it possible for the genes to spread in all inhabited continents, with the exception of Africa.
Alternately, if geneticists insist on the need to separate the species by the ratio of differences (or similarities), they will have a problem... because if the Spines and Neanderthals are different species due to differences of less than one percent, how and where Do you place the two chimpanzee species (Pan) that have a difference of a little more than half a percent between them?
And again to Srogin, what will happen from an attempted mating between a chimpanzee and a chimpanzee? Because according to the similarity in DNA. Is it possible that the offspring from such a mating will be fertile? Does that mean the chimpanzee and the spies belong to the same species?
Is it possible that the day will come and instead of anthropology they will study "apeology" (from APE - apes)? Will the paleoanthropologists soon also agree to the assumption that the Spines and the Neanderthals are one species? Will there come a day when: Homo -Spines, Homo-Neanderthal, Homo-Pan would be considered three subspecies of the species Homo?
At first thought, the introduction of the chimpanzees into the human race might be useful in preventing their destruction. On second thought, the human race is busy with self-destruction, so maybe we should leave things as they are.
27 תגובות
Our violent clock runs non-stop, during evolution the clock slowed down the rate of violence, when we became part of the mechanism of the clock, what damage did we do to ourselves and our environment? The rapid and violent pace of the clock has landed us diseases and epidemics, there is a hole in the ozone, thanks to the pace of the clock the weather is no longer the same as it was, we are in the process of creating the cocoon and a time will come and it will rise upon us?
The rapid pace of the clock and the gods have become slaves to the accuracy of the clock, this clock we make enemies for us as human beings except that we have a silent killer in this ball of ours that serves as our home, and we are already thinking of abandoning it to another home, here is another pupa on the way, which may destroy the store The human knowledge we have accumulated, our intelligence is both a blessing and a curse?
There were generations of Homo erectus, Homo Faber, Homo sapiens, thousands of ages have passed until now, evolution must renew itself by destroying another evolution, and again the clock will slow down, and everything will start from scratch? We think we will never have control over nature, we have polluted fresh water in rivers in the abyss, what will happen when there is no water? This is the collapse that will come upon us, we will still return to the Stone Age,? Who knew we were here? When the archaeologists might discover the Statue of Liberty? The next evolution will rise on the decay whose corpses will bloom the wasteland from the decay? We day by day do not feel the apocalyptic collapse, we used the resources of this house without consideration, it lives and breathes and therefore nature will sink the ownership back,
There will be no violent clocks, there will be a slow clock according to the rhythm of nature, and there will be an evolution that will restore the grandeur and splendor to this house that we do not appreciate enough, as if it were a matter of course?
I write simply because I have dyslexia,
Sincerely, Sami Elkayam
Yuval is known that chimps are strong and when the forces of 40 people, do you know that Stalin, turned to scientists in Russia, to mate a woman with a chimp, and they would volunteer, the trend was that maybe the Russian soldier would become superhuman, and also be part of a human-level machine program, the scientists failed in that the genome of Both sexes, from the beginning fell apart, this attempt was stopped,
In the selection of species of Darwinism, and all those characteristics that exist as a common denominator for both animal and man, so much so that the ape trial was fulfilled, and all this so that we will not be a result that man came from the monkey,
Yuval, so what failed this equation??
Even before Darwinism arose, where was the failure in removing man from the equation of the monkey? After endless arguments during the clash between Judaism and Christianity,
Judaism overruled this claim from the ground up that we are part of the evolution of the monkey, in that a human is transparent, or a chimpanzee we can indeed domesticate it, and the animal will do things that are really close to the actions of a human,
The failure is found in the monkeys who cannot transfer knowledge to other monkeys? They cannot teach, the human being passes on his knowledge and knowledge to the next generation, in the absence of a lack of transfer of knowledge from a monkey or the ability to teach a generation of monkeys after him, here Judaism threw the rock under the feet of Darwinism, therefore man is out of the equation that he originated from the monkey???
For the sake of stability, the New Testament was swallowed up in the wisdom of the Old Testament?
Sami Elakim
We as humans are death machines, from the shredder of the human genome we are programmed to murder those who are not close to us? Is this the genetic code encoded in us? Since human development until today?
"There is us and them" there is the genetic coding for murder, all the time we reproduce ourselves, and continue to be murder machines,
Did science bring us all the diseases that it wanted to inoculate us from, did it cause there to be epidemics? Even AIDS is a scientific invention that started in the Congo, today (Zaire) we are also disrupting the genetic code for countries in the third world, who will destroy each other? Such as the Tutsi and the Hutsi, who had a genocide encouraged by Belgium, in the genetic coding between these two tribes, there was trust in their extermination for generations, the Belgians were only a catalyst for the extermination between these tribes???
In my humble opinion, without further ado, we are machines that are programmed?????
Sincerely, Sami Elkayam
If this is how life and death go hand in hand, it is not possible to live with the mindset that death does exist, everyone wherever they are is aware of its existence, as mortals and everyone is sure that there is tomorrow, starting with our mind which holds itself almost omnipotent, death puts it into feelings of inferiority, it dwarfs the intelligence that the mind has in him, and he is unable to get out of the complex that death also has a higher value than only life, the power of death frustrates reason and temporary existence,
We can overcome many things that life throws at us, although there is no ability to overcome death,
So much so that medical reason does not allow a person to die with dignity, they try to prolong life through reason, and death is only waiting, and there is no escape from it just as there is no escape from life,
Everyone would like to live, death says plain and simple nothing will help I will always exist as death, on your pain and your anger, I am here with you,
Your reason is also your curse, and therefore there is no escape from me like death, if death does not exist it is a violation of balance in everything that is balanced, your reason against me may protest against human existence, if there is no death it is against existence, the nature of divinity or translate it how as you wish,
No one knows his day just for today,
I have nothing more to add, life is here, death is here
Sami Elakim
open minded:
The things you say are interesting, but there is one fundamental flaw in them:
"This may also explain the fact that African countries fail to preserve a culture based on humanism (see the unfortunate case of Liberia)."
To refute your claim, you ask us for evidence that African cultures included cultures based on humanism, but assume that non-African cultures do. As far as I understand, this is a completely subjective claim, which has no scientific, let alone historical, evidence. What leads you to the assumption that the cowardly-aggressive culture of the West, for example, is better?
And regarding scientific achievements - Western scientific knowledge is the product of a sequence of coincidences that happened to individuals. Although the scientific way of thinking is a social matter, it is a matter that exists only in some non-African societies, and is unlikely to be related to Neanderthal genes. The intellectual ability itself is revealed today among scientists of African origin just like those from other continents.
jubilee:
I think you're just a racist.
Did you know that a chimpanzee is stronger than a human?
Members of African tribes have been carrying out such 'experiments' in the jungles for many years and to this day not a single offspring has come out of it (what did come out of it is the spread of a relatively new disease in humans - AIDS).
Zoophilia is a phenomenon that exists in every human culture on a variety of animal species since time immemorial.
Nev: Regarding the people we sometimes suspect of being spies-chimpanzee hybrids - that's a mistake: they're talking about the ugly ones.
In any case, Michael Jackson also tried it with Bubbles (his kofif) but that's a completely different story.
It was during the Stalin era during the Second World War or a little after it, the Russian scientists (and the Nazis) tried to mate a monkey with a man, and there were stories about a half-man half-monkey living in Siberia (if I'm not mistaken) who was actually a 2-meter-tall female and gave her a name. It was also said that they tried to get her pregnant by any means and succeeded and she conceived two males that looked like humans, but they themselves were barren. (If I remember the story correctly - it was broadcast on Discovery)
There are stories about an attempt by the Russians, made in the Ivory Coast,
To mate gorillas with humans, I don't remember where I read about that.
In any case they failed and in my (horribly unqualified) opinion
The separation of the species about five million years ago at least, closed
You're scrolling on the possibility that this will happen with any APE.
Uri S.
It is not at all clear what the claim is based on that acquiring a language eliminates the quality of the thinking abilities that make scientific achievements possible.
I will give a sports example: running 10 km is a difficult and exhausting task for most people. In contrast, the physical effort of a somersault jump (inversion jump) is small, but most people are not able to perform it either. Running requires great physical effort and routine cognitive effort. The jump requires the opposite. Neither cancels out the other.
Analytical thinking ability is definitely not a trivial thing, and the discussion about the differences between different people is not at all trivial.
A. Read the book "The Third Chimpanzee" by Jared Diamond.
B. About fifty thousand years ago all humans (homo sapiens and sapiens) were negroes and we are of course their descendants.
Language acquisition is the most impressive cognitive achievement a creature achieves in its lifetime. All other achievements, including the highest scientific ones, in terms of cognitive complexity are null compared to the language acquisition of 3-4 year olds. That's why the whole debate about differences between Africans (who speak complex languages) and others is not interesting.
And a small note about Africans. We are traditionally used to categorizing races according to color: white, black, yellow, red. But if we look closely at different populations in Africa, we will find that the genetic variation between the different populations is enormous. The variation within the race is greater than the variation between races.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanzee
Most of the chances are that a pairing between a human and a chimpanzee or another primate will fail or that a very damaged and probably infertile baby will be created due to an inversion that created one less chromosome (23 pairs) in humans compared to the 24 pairs in monkeys. This will result in a disturbed segregation of the chromosomes similar to what happens in some genetic diseases and Down's syndrome.
By the way, the definition of a species by a mating that results in a fertile offspring as shown in the article is an outdated definition that originates from the era before the determination of the genome sequences and the similarities between them and today it is hardly used anymore.
It doesn't sound bad at all to pair a chimpanzee with a chimpanzee
I don't think there's anything to be ashamed of
But everyone seems to be waiting for that one who knows
The first to know this will probably go down in the history books.
The Three Monkeys:
No such experiment is known to have been completed and it is quite clear why.
Look at yourself for a moment.
The question interests you but you are not doing an experiment.
Why?
Even if someone completed such an experiment, he would - in most cases - be ashamed to admit it.
In any case - blaming the "world" is the easiest.
open minded:
You completely ignore the most important facts:
One is that even in our region (the Middle East and Asia) it was not easy for scientific thinking to develop and even after it developed, all kinds of religions came and suppressed it during the Middle Ages.
Rational scientific thinking needs - beyond genetics - also a suitable cultural environment.
Such an environment developed in ancient Greece and if it had not developed there - it probably would not have developed.
The second is that Africans who carry the genetic load that you think is inferior - integrate well into contemporary science and contribute more and more to it.
Unlike you - I am not decisive in my determinations.
I definitely think that there can be intelligence differences between different populations.
I just think that in order to make a claim of the kind you made you need data that you did not present.
Why all the fuss, just check and that's it
What is the problem with pairing a chimpanzee with a spies
Or have already checked and found it possible
Why?
Because the chance that they tried to do it is higher than the chance that they didn't try it.
If we take for a moment man's curiosity, his thirst for knowledge, and his desire to explore and experiment.
In fact, there is no possible situation in which they did not try to mate a chimpanzee with a chimpanzee.
So why is there no information about this?
Because one does not see, the second does not hear, and the third does not speak.
to Michael Rothschild
To the best of my knowledge, except during the time of the pharaohs, there was no situation in which a population of Africans created a culture that is based on the accumulation of knowledge and rational thinking at one level or another, similar to other cultures throughout the world.
It is worth noting that the Empire of Axum and the Abyssinian Empire in Ethiopia were established by celestial peoples who invaded the Ethiopian region, meaning that once again we are talking about humans with Neanderthal genes.
I would be happy to receive any information or reference to a culture of the type I mentioned, which was established and was based on humans of African origin only - that is, those whose genetic material does not contain Neanderthal genetic material.
An important clarification: I do not claim that all human beings of African origin are inferior people due to a lack of rational abilities and that it is not desirable to employ them or communicate with them in the same way as any other person.
On the contrary, in my understanding it is desirable to give the same options to all people.
However, it is important to look at the facts with a critical eye and try to learn from them.
For example, no one today has any doubts about the increased athletic abilities of people from Africa in relation to the human average, and they even talk about it in Reish Gali.
The pseudo-liberal tendency that is common among the beautiful-of-mind testimony is to attack any claim of innate difference between human populations.
This tendency mainly caused injustice, damage and suffering to large populations of people, and the murder of millions of people in communist "re-education" camps.
Detailed information with examples can be found in Steven Pinker's great book "The Smooth Board - On Denying Human Innate Nature Today"
"The upright - H. erectus which was the first to come out of Africa about a million and a half years ago"
This sentence is wrong. In Georgia and Armenia, the remains of a 1.8 million year old man were found.
It is common to describe them as Arctus, but there is a debate about their exact classification because the brains found were only about 600-650 grams, which is typical for Habilis.
open minded:
As you said - this is a racist thought.
The problem, however, is not the racism of the claim but the fact that it has nothing to rely on.
In my opinion - if a claim is based on tested and reliable data and its conclusion sounds racist - there is nothing wrong with that.
On the other hand, when someone makes a racist claim without any substantiation - it is very wrong.
And let it be clear: your "impression" is not a scientific fact that can be trusted.
And who determined that Homo sapiens is really a real Homo sapiens?
Maybe Homo sapiens are what we call Neanderthals, and the extinct Neanderthals are the true Homo sapiens?
Something to think about.
Homo sapiens determined that the Neanderthal was undeveloped, this is a determination of victors, we have seen in history the Romans state that the tribes in Gaul and Germany are barbarians, because history is written by the victors.
To "think open"..
A lack of Neandertal genes causes a lack of rational thought? Wait...didn't they already conclude that the smart monkey is the "Spines"?? If I didn't know otherwise I would think it's the opposite... People should look into why exactly a combination of these genes are the ones that may have caused us to evolve because it just seems strange to me..
A happy ending, everything is a monkey tired of thinking.. and then, he marries Poland..
Something to think about:
Perhaps the lack of Neanderthal genetic material explains the lack of success of the people of Africa to adopt rational patterns of thought that allow the development of a technologically advanced culture?
This may also explain the fact that African countries fail to preserve a culture based on humanism (see the unfortunate case of Liberia)
For those who don't understand: yes, this is a racist claim.
However, it is different from "normal" racism, which is often based on beliefs that are not related to reality, but mainly on the personal impulses of the person who holds it.
My argument here is based on an impression of human history and the genetic difference that was discovered between Africans and other humans.
It would be interesting to know if the ancient Egyptians, the inventors of geometry and advanced builders, had Neadretal genes.