The molecular dates estimated from the genomic sequences of SARS-CoV-2 further indicate that the mutation that created the disease occurred as early as November. Therefore we are entitled to wonder about the connection between the covid 19 epidemic and wild animals
By: Alexander Hassanin, Lecturer (HDR) at Sorbonne University, ISYEB - Institute of Systematics, Evolution and Biodiversity (CNRS, MNHN, SU, EPHE, UA), National Museum of Natural History in France (MNHN), translation: Avi Blizovsky
In a few weeks, we all learned a lot about the Covid-19 corona virus, but we also heard quite a few rumors about the disease Covid-19 and the virus responsible for it: SARS-CoV-2. While the number of scientific articles on this virus continues to grow, there is still uncertainty as to the origin of the virus. In what species of animals did it appear? A bat, pangolin or other animal species? Where is he from? From a cave or a forest in the Chinese province of Hubei or from somewhere else?
In December 2019, 27 of the first 41 people hospitalized (66%) passed through a market located in the heart of the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province. However, the origin of the epidemic is apparently not related to contact with animals huddled there while alive because it appears, according to a Chinese study conducted at the Wuhan Hospital, that the first patient did not frequently visit this market.
The molecular dates estimated from the genomic sequences of SARS-CoV-2 further indicate that the mutation that created the disease occurred as early as November. Therefore we are entitled to wonder about the connection between the covid 19 epidemic and wild animals.
The SARS-CoV-2 genome was rapidly sequenced by Chinese researchers. It is an RNA molecule of about 30,000 bases that contains 15 genes, including the S gene that codes for a protein found on the surface of the viral envelope (for comparison, our genome is in the form of a double DNA helix of about 3 billion bases and it contains almost 30,000 genes).
Comparative genomics analyzes showed that SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the group of Betacoronavirus viruses and that it is very close to SARS-CoV, which is responsible for an epidemic of acute pneumonia that appeared in November 2002 in the Chinese province of Guangdong. Then spread to 29 countries, mainly in France in 2003.
A total of 8098 patients were registered, including 774 deaths. It is known that bats of the genus Rhinolophus (of which several species live in caves) were the hosts of this virus and that a small predator, the pangolin (Paguma larvata), could have served as an intermediate host between the bats and the first human patients.
Since then, a large number of Betacoronaviruses have been discovered, mainly in bats, but also in humans. The RaTG13 virus, isolated from a bat of the species Rhinolophus affinis collected in the Chinese province of Yunnan, was recently described as very close to SARS-CoV-2, the sequences of the genomes being 96% identical. These results indicate that bats, and especially the species of the genus Rhinolophus, are the surrogates) of the SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 viruses.
But how do you define such a surrogate? It is one species of animal or more that is slightly or not susceptible to the virus, which will naturally be a carrier of one or more viruses. The absence of disease symptoms is explained by the efficiency of their immune system which allows them to fight against multiple viruses.
recombination mechanism
On February 7, 2020, we learned that a virus even closer to SARS-CoV-2 was discovered in an exotic mammal known as a pangolin. With 99% genome similarity, this made it a more likely host than bats. However, more recent research, currently under review, suggests a much more complex situation. Finally, the genome of the coronavirus isolated from the Malaysian pangolin (Manis javanica) sold in the Wuhan market is not that close to SARS-Cov-2, with only 90% identity. Therefore he is not responsible for the current epidemic.
However, the virus isolated from pangolin has 99% identity with SARS-Cov-2 if we compare the 74 amino acids of a certain region of the S protein, the domain that binds to the ACE2 (angiotensin converting enzyme) receptor that allows the virus to enter human cells to infect them. In the same region, the RaTG13 virus isolated from the bat R. affinis is highly divergent (77%).
For simplicity, this means that the coronavirus isolated from a pangolin is able to enter human cells while the one isolated from a native species of bat is not. Furthermore, this indicates that the SARS-Cov-2 virus is the result of a fusion between two different corona viruses, one close to the bat virus - RaTG13 and the other closer to the pangolin. In other words, it is a hybrid between two existing viruses.
This recombination mechanism has already been described in corona viruses, and it especially explains the origin of SARS-Cov. It is important to know that hybridization results in a new virus that can infect a new host species. For recombination to occur, both viruses must infect the same organism.
Two questions remain unanswered: In which organism did this recombination occur? (Bat, pangolin or another species?) And above all, under what conditions does this recombination take place?
to the article on the website The Conversation
More of the topic in Hayadan:
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Only a twisted mind like the Chinese could create such a virus and not say that a thousand or so other animals are to blame. The only hi husband is the human. China is known for killing its prisoners and using the skin for their organs for transplants, so it's no wonder they use the virus they created. To prove this, several Chinese who worked in the laboratory managed to escape from China and say this. At the moment the Chinese are simply silent out of fear.
Since the Chinese have reached their transparency goals. So they will find out with which mutations they fabricate the corona virus. It is not possible for any animal to cause an entire system in the human body to collapse without human intervention. Only a twisted mind is capable of that. Since China is known for murdering prisoners, removing the skin from their bodies and other organs for transplants means that they are capable of anything. Another thing China wants to control is the world. And she already started this game before she started selling the world equipment and anything they make. Now it's late and she bought our hearts with money. The next step has come. Unicorns are a creeping conquest.
Now – find one article from a reliable source that claims otherwise…..
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/03/200317175442.htm
https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucelee/2020/03/17/covid-19-coronavirus-did-not-come-from-a-lab-study-shows-natural-origins/#568fbd53728c
https://www.biospace.com/article/stop-the-conspiracy-theories-novel-coronavirus-has-natural-origin/
Eliyahu ben David
I don't expect you to read but I'll try…
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/the-new-coronavirus-was-not-genetically-engineered-study-shows
Eliyahu ben David
You mean Ockham's principle - it's really, really not a law.
But - I would love to hear from you, as an expert in the field, what the probabilities really are.
I would also like to understand what you think the meaning of the word "probability" is. I doubt you understand exactly what that means….
Occam's Razor Law
What is the probability that recombination will occur in nature?
when are:
Concurrent existence in the same bank is required
Survival of the new virus is required
Consumption/contact of that individual with humans is required
What is the probability of initiated recombination in the laboratory
when are:
The capabilities are there
Financing is available
The desire is there
The ideological motivation is there
If it's a conspiracy theory, there is a forecast for an economic collapse in China due to the aging of the population and the minority of young people due to the "one child" policy... the death of adults will save a lot of pensions for the centralized/communist economy in China
Man-made is also very likely
In the articles I read, there is no reference to the resistance of the wild animals to the infection mechanism, it is not necessarily an immune mechanism but a difference in the RAS (Ranin Angiotensin System) mechanism of the wild animals that does not allow the existence of the symptoms we suffer from. Regarding the genome of the virus - the information can indirectly help the ability to develop a drug that will inhibit the synthesis of the proteins necessary for its reproduction, but is not significant for the disease itself. The disease it causes, stems from the infection mechanism mentioned here and not from other features, that is, from its very high affinity for ACE-2, a feature that is the same in SARS-COV and SARS-COV2. It is important to understand from this that conspiracy theories that link the virus to biological warfare are baseless. The massive distribution to the world is a result of the increased aviation connection with China and the human carrier of the virus, which leaves the question why the chain of infection started in Wuhan precisely at the end of 2019, similar to what happened in 2002 in Guangdong?
My hypothesis is that it has to do with the genetics of the human carriers and patients in China and not with the source of the wild animals, which have been traded there for years. For example: the Chinese tested the connection to ABO blood groups and found that blood group O is less sensitive to the virus than the others, an article on the subject is awaiting publication. The fact that after a large scale of infection and high mortality, the disease stopped in an isolated area can support the hypothesis that there are human populations that are more susceptible to the disease.
Therefore, in my opinion, the research should be focused precisely on the issue of what genetically causes the disparities in infection, the intensity of the disease and mortality in different populations of humans and perhaps also other primates, and this could possibly lead to the development of an effective vaccine.
Response to Isaac: Can recombination be man-made?
My answer is indeed yes, the recombination is a combination of star dust with the negative intentions of humans.
Can recombination be man-made?
If so, it really looks like a Chinese attempt to produce doomsday weapons
Pangolin???
What you see from here you don't see from there.
We have no ability to predict the consequences of phenomena on what will happen as a result of them in another 10, 20 years.
We experience a phenomenon, some of us are beaten, suffer, some of us less and we give an interpretation of the phenomenon (in our case the corona virus) according to our existing feeling.
We lack the ability to understand connections between phenomena.
We never thought that there was a connection between the lives of wolves and the flow of rivers: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ysa5OBhXz-Q&fbclid=IwAR1YkgpPHUzhcLAguDwNrQlQ1MIemgMyo–EAh4ZrayWrC9myrE8uJBMyHg
We never thought that a phenomenon like the butterfly effect could exist where small changes in the initial conditions may cause large changes in the behavior of the system in the long term.
We were not aware of the "wisdom of crowds" phenomenon, which holds that the wisdom of the crowd is greater, under certain conditions, than the wisdom of the individual expert.
So what exactly are we missing with the corona phenomenon?
Superficially, the corona phenomenon is the result of a seafood market in China, bats or an experiment that got out of control.
We are not able to discover and decipher the root from which the corona phenomenon and other phenomena came.
There are laws in nature. Some are visible but some are hidden. The fact that they are hidden is not proof that they do not exist.
The limitations of our senses do not allow us to discover the root of the phenomena that occur in our world.
The 21st century is characterized by the slogan "If you want to change the world, change yourself".
Has anyone ever wondered what that means? How can this be realized?
Our studies are based on verifiable and measurable empiricism.
We have a variable that we take to the lab, manipulate and get results.
Our results are obtained in our tools, but our tools in which we obtain the results are limited.
We never thought that there could be an experiment where the research subject that I would manipulate would be my material.
A method that will have the ability to turn the parts of our will, our ego and change them, will be the new paradigm of the 21st century.
We will also discover that there is a connection between my desire, which determines my thoughts and actions (I first want, then I think about how to realize my desire and only at the end I act to realize my thoughts) and my perception of reality.
Are you sure it's not a double DNA helix of 60 thousand bases?
Biological warfare that went wrong for the Chinese?
Pay attention to an important detail: since the virus cannot reproduce without being "hosted" in the cell of a "higher" organism (a bacterium or a multicellular animal) the mutation can only occur when two strains of the virus are hosted in the same cell, which is infected by both and gives them an environment Suitable for mixing genes. And once that happens, normal evolution shifts gears from a slow development that allows other organisms to adapt to the changes and an epidemic that breaks out all at once. We have already heard that so far at least two strains of the new virus have been found that exist side by side in a number of infection centers in the world, meaning that the necessary conditions have been created for the creation of a new, much more dangerous mutation, which includes genes that make it contagious as the rapidly spreading version already does, and also as deadly as the original version was . That is why it is so important to prevent multiple carriers and not wait for the development of "community immunity" as stressed in Britain by some "experts" of the type who are used to betting on the applicability of their gut theory.
Has there been a connection between morbidity or non-morbidity of people lacking g6pd and the corona virus?
The connection between anti-malarial drugs, which apparently help to a certain extent, in the treatment of the disease and the fact that g6pd-deficient are resistant to malaria...worth checking in my eyes.
I would be grateful for your reference
And another question, is this virus artificial?