However, there are major differences between the two approaches in many aspects. Among other things, in the absence of mandatory prison sentences in the USA compared to the European Union, and in the large decentralization of powers in the USA compared to horizontal regulation in Europe
The USA announced at the end of January 2023 the promotion of a move to address ethics in artificial intelligence, about two months after a similar move by the European Union.
The European Union's Artificial Intelligence Act (AIA), approved by the Council of the European Union on December 6 and due to be debated by the European Parliament as early as March, will regulate AI applications, products and services under a risk-based hierarchy: the higher the risk, the more severe.
If approved, the EU's AIA will be the world's first transversal regulation – across all sectors and applications – of AI.
In contrast, in the US there is no specific federal law to regulate the use of artificial intelligence, but regulation will instead rely on existing laws, designs, frameworks, standards and regulations that can be stitched together to guide the ethical use of artificial intelligence. These guidelines cover activity by governments and organizations, but do not offer protection to consumers who have been wronged when artificial intelligence is used against them.
In addition to the patchwork of federal actions, local and state governments are enacting laws to address AI bias in employment, such as in New York City and the entire state of California, and in insurance, as evidenced by a law in Colorado. No proposed or enacted local law carries any prison sentence. In 2016, Eric Loomis of Wisconsin was sentenced to six years in prison based, in part, on artificial intelligence software, according to a report in the New York Times. Loomis argued that his due process rights were violated because he could not test or challenge the software's algorithm.
The federal guidance comes from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). NIST's voluntary framework is designed to help organizations manage AI risks that could affect people, organizations and society in the US. The framework does this by incorporating reliability considerations, such as explainability and reduction of harmful bias, into AI products, services and systems.
"In the short term, what we want to do is to foster trust," Elham Tabasi said. Chief of Staff at the Information Technology Laboratory at NIST In an interview with EETIMES. "And we do this by understanding and managing the risks of artificial intelligence systems so that they can help protect civil liberties and rights and improve safety while providing and creating opportunities for innovation."
In the longer term, "we're talking about the framework as equipping AI teams, whether they're primarily people designing, developing or deploying AI, to think about AI from a perspective that takes into account risks and impacts," said Riva Schwartz, a research scientist in the IT Lab of NIST.
In October 2022, the White House published the plan for an AI Bill of Rights, in which it lists five principles that will guide the ethical use of artificial intelligence:
- Systems should be safe and efficient.
- Algorithms and systems should not discriminate.
- People must be protected from abusive data practices and control how their data is used.
- Automated systems should be transparent.
- Opting out of an artificial intelligence system in favor of human intervention should be an option.
One response
The USA is degrading the world as it is to the end.
The path to the apocalypse is clear.
The morons sent a spaceship into space in 77 with the address of Earth.
As if the world is theirs, and as if they know who it will end up with.
And of course also without thinking that he might be hostile to us.
Hope that God will put an end to the Japanese who will succeed in destroying the world.