This is according to the analysis of the findings of the European Planck spacecraft
The European Space Agency's Planck spacecraft has produced the most accurate and detailed map of the ancient light in the universe. The findings indicate that the universe is expanding more slowly than scientists thought until now, and therefore they also discovered an older one - 13.8 billion years compared to the estimate of 13.7 billion so far - that is, a difference of 100 million years.
The data also reveal that there is less dark energy and more ordinary matter in the universe than previously known.
"Astronomers all over the world have been waiting anxiously for this map," says Joanne Centrella, Scientific Director of the Planck Program on behalf of NASA. "These measurements are very important for many scientific fields, as well as for planning future space missions. We are happy to be partners with the European Space Agency in this kind of historic venture."
The estimated expansion rate of the universe, also known as Hubble's constant, is 67.15 plus or minus 1.2 kilometers per second per megafarsec. A megafarsec is about 3 million light years. This is a decrease compared to the previous estimate which was based on space telescopes such as NASA's Hubble and Spitzer using a different technique. The new estimate of the proportion of dark matter content in the universe is 26.8% compared to 24% in the previous estimate, while the proportion of dark energy has dropped from 71.4% to 68.3%. What remains is the usual stuff we all know which now makes up 4.9% compared to 4.6% in estimates so far.
Planck is a mission of the European Space Agency. NASA contributed technologies that made the mission possible - mainly scientific instruments, as well as a partnership of scientists from the USA, Europe and Canada who analyze the Planck data.
The map, based on a survey of the entire sky for 15.5 months, reveals small fluctuations in the temperature of the cosmic microwave background radiation. This is an ancient light that moved through space for billions of years from the beginning of the universe and reached us. The pattern of light represents the galaxy seeds and galaxy clusters we see around us today.
"When the ancient light moves towards us, the material acts like an obstacle course that stands in the way of the light and changes the pattern little by little." says Charles Lawrence, an American scientist in the Planck project at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California. "The Planck map reveals not only the very young universe but also the matter, including dark matter, everywhere in the universe."
The Planck spacecraft was launched in 2009 and has been scanning the sky ever since, mapping the cosmic background radiation - the remnants of the big bang that created the universe. This residual radiation provides scientists with a glimpse of the universe as it looked 370 years after the Big Bang. The cosmic background radiation is uniform across the sky, but small changes reveal the sound wave signatures driven by quantum fluctuations in the universe moments after its birth. These imprints, which appear as spots on the Planck map, are the seeds around which matter will form and they will form the stars and galaxies. Previous balloons and spacecraft that have explored these patterns, including NASA's WMAP and COBE for which the 2006 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded. Planck is the successor of these satellites, and it covers a wider range of light frequencies and also has higher sensitivity and resolution.
Age, the contents of the universe and the other basic constants of the universe are described in what is known as the "standard model" of cosmology, developed over the years by astronomers. The new data allows researchers to test and improve the Standard Model with the greatest precision yet. At the same time, they observe some interesting features that do not fit the simple picture. For example, the model estimates that the sky is uniform everywhere, but the light patterns are not symmetrical in both parts of the sky, and that there are points that extend across a longer than expected section of the sky.
"On the one hand, we have a simple model that fits the observations quite well, but on the other hand, we see some strange problems that require us to rethink some of our basic assumptions." says Jan Tauber, a Dutch scientist in the Planck project. "This is the beginning of a new journey, and we look forward to continuing to analyze the Planck data and hope to shed light on this puzzle.
The complete data from Planck, which is still scanning the sky, will be published in 2014.
28 תגובות
Sparrow!
Look at it as a spring so that the addition of time is distributed linearly equally throughout the period.
Beyond that, there is a need for conceptual clarification "the universe is expanding" what is meant?
Except for the receding beams of light and the receding clusters of stars/galaxies. For example, does the earth itself spread? Does the electron (from the point of view of matter and not a wave) also propagate? .
In how many dimensions does the expansion exist 1?, 4?, 6?, infinity? who knows?
If there is one (recognized) electron, then there are many electrons. and hence
If in abstract space there was a big bang which was the starting point for expansion then it is possible that somewhere another bang happened which created expansion towards the current universe. So what should happen at the moment of meeting? Wave wrestling? Cancellation of waves? Who really understands?
Wait, this means that what they said before happened say 10 million years after the big bang now 110 million years or still 10?
Robert
I see you listened to the point …. Or you didn't understand him either...
If it is explained that the universe is made up of an expanding body, the space and the matter in it behave in the same way, does this mean that stars and objects in the universe grow according to what dimensions will they reach at the end of this process?
Robert, you seem to have no idea what you are talking about. You better shut up
It's all a function of the instruments whose maximum horizon was 13.7 billion light years to which horizon with computational acrobatics they fit the cosmic radiation data. If I had enough money, I would budget for a telescope 500 meters in front of the moon and see the wonder of the horizon.
Oops. My last comment.
Father, please be precise: the universe is 100 million years and two days old (or whenever they discovered it)
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And that also means that I have aged by 100 million years. And all this because of a telescope.
A. Ben Ner
What we see here is the cosmic background radiation (CMB).
At the beginning of its life the universe was hot and dense and therefore the material in it was plasma - ionized gas.
The hot universe is full of photons but these collide with the charged particles all the time and thus the universe is not transparent.
When the universe reached the age of about 400,000 years, the temperature in it dropped enough for the matter to stop being ionized and at once, the universe became transparent. When you look far, you can see the uniform radiation that surrounded the whole world in the days when it was opaque to light, except that it was very redshifted due to the expansion of the universe and is now a thermal spectrum corresponding to about 3 degrees above absolute zero (instead of several thousand degrees).
The magic background radiation was first discovered in 1965 (Arno and Penzias) and was the most decisive proof of the Big Bang model.
The discovery of the uniform background radiation raises a question:
If the universe is completely uniform at the age of 400,000 years, what causes it to be uneven today?
This is not a serious problem since it is clear that if there is a really, really small disturbance to the uniformity (more dense and less dense areas) it will grow as gravity will attract more matter to the denser areas and thus they will become more and more dense and later these areas will become the galaxies and galaxy clusters of today.
Therefore, they tried to see such disturbances in the early universe and the earliest thing that can be seen is the CMB.
In the last twenty years they did discover, as expected, that the radiation is not completely uniform in all directions - there are warmer and colder areas and the distribution of the radiation corresponds to the distribution of today's galaxies (and accordingly also the dark matter).
With the progress of the research of the CMB and the improvement of the resolution of the separation into regions, it is possible to learn more and more about the characteristics of the universe and thus its age can be re-estimated.
Oron
You are just a clown - the correction is half a percent!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Science, throughout, improves its methods of measurement. I don't understand why you consider it wrong…..
Listen, until today I was really worried and now that we have learned that the universe is 100 million years older than we thought I am calmer... by the way tell me... wouldn't it be better to help the homeless and poor who are here and now with the money that is poured into science??? and not 100 million years ago?? ?
Dark matter does interact with gravity, which is how its existence is detected. Dark energy does not interact
Oron!
If you think deeply, you will understand for yourself that there is no problem.
1. Science offers a scientific/physical/chemical/cosmic module that matches the observed phenomena (observed in zero time space) under the limitations of the human race. Since time is infinite, science cannot claim absolute proof and correctness of the proposed model. The model is valid as long as you do not encounter a phenomenon that is inconsistent with the model.
It is certainly possible that there will be additional modules at the same time.
Following the successes expressed in the advanced technology, it can be estimated that in the current time window there is actually a contemporary model.
According to the module if you draw a time graph you reach an estimated age of 14 billion years.
But the concept of time/space/matter...is not simple. There is an abstract time that man has no tool to measure. and atomic/biological/cosmic relative time that limited man is able to measure. From the very fact that time and space are infinite according to a mathematical law, no one is able to explain what distinguishes the point of time, and the location point of the universe in the infinite space, from the infinity of points of time and space, precisely at these points the world was created.
2. Suppose there is a tree whose estimated age is a thousand years. The same tree can be "defoliated" in a second by an atomic explosion, for example. Since one of the foundations of science is the inverse function, this means that if all the forces and "participants" in the explosion "hit" the same location, only that the forces are reversed (like going back in time), then within a second a tree may be formed between a thousand years. (like acceleration/deceleration)
Commentator 1 Oren, it is possible to prove the religious stories, for example a dove in the gut of a fish, the leviathan swallowed a dove on the beach of Jaffa, circled the Mediterranean Sea and Africa, swam up the Persian Gulf and threw up a dove on the shore of Nineveh all in three days, a great logical story that can be proven.
True from 100 million years ago and even before the age of the dinosaurs we did not exist. Who did exist?? Well, according to my assessment and a study I read 150 million years ago, the universe existed even before that. And all the theories before that are only hypotheses. buy me
YM Avi Blizovsky wrote that the link to the latest articles is:
https://www.hayadan.org.il/2013
If you want a different year, change to the desired year.
(I agree with you that there should be a permanent link on the main page)
Two comments:
A]. The following quote requires an explanation:
"The Planck map reveals not only the very young universe but also the matter, including dark matter, everywhere in the universe."
After all, dark matter (according to its definition) does not interact A.M. ?
The army covers and not shelters. When will there be a permanent link to recent articles? And what is the link for now? Thanks
The following quote requires an explanation:
"The Planck map reveals not only the very young universe but also the matter, including dark matter, everywhere in the universe."
After all, dark matter (according to its definition) does not interact A.M. ?
If the light picked up by the Planck is so ancient, apparently it does not reflect the state of the universe today but as it was when the light began its journey billions of years ago. It is possible that most of the sources of this light no longer exist at all. isn't it?
All reason is for us to understand that there is something above reason. There is a God who created the mind. And he created the entire universe as he revealed to us in his teachings.
The title presents a fact, while the entire text is an opinion, perhaps true or perhaps false.
They found out that it is older because each time you can see the wrinkles better
For Oron, compared to the mythologies and other religions that exist to this day, science did not come to sanctify itself and appropriate all kinds of things for itself, religion is a historical thing of primitive people who tried to find all kinds of idols for all kinds of explanations of nature and death and the like, I was a religious person in my past and I understood that science talks about The most logical things.
Oron - it is not wrong at all to start a scientific theory with a guess. Usually this is an educated guess. The difference between this and stories and mythologies is that this guess is tested by matching the findings, and by the ability of the same idea to predict the results of additional tests, etc. What is being said here, for example, is that the general idea is still valid, only that we have received a refinement of the results. For example - the age of the universe is still on the order of 14 billion years, but instead of 13.7 billion it is 13.8 billion.
Thank you, Avi, for another relevant and exhaustive article, and kudos to Oren for his in-depth knowledge and respectful and kind style.
In short - we continue to guess and invent theories based on - nothing!
What is the difference between these stories and the mythologies of the peoples of the past? There is no difference except that now it is the "holy science" and not the "holy stories".
Anyone who believes these stories with their eyes closed is probably either a charlatan or an idiot