Cosmology

A perfect cosmic circle captured by Webb shows a distant spiral galaxy twisted around a closer elliptical galaxy. This Einstein ring provides a glimpse into the warped nature of spacetime. Credit: ESA/Webb, NASA & CSA, G.

Webb captures perfect Einstein ring that reveals hidden galaxy

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A stunning new image from the James Webb Space Telescope reveals a cosmic illusion called an Einstein ring, where the light from a distant galaxy is distorted into a perfect circle by the gravity of a closer galaxy.
Spiral galaxies photographed by Webb rotating in the same direction relative to the Milky Way (in red) and in the opposite direction (in blue). Credit: Shamir, Lior, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2025 under CC BY 4.0

Does the mystery of galaxy rotation challenge the Big Bang assumptions?

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A new study has found that two-thirds of distant galaxies rotate clockwise, a surprising imbalance compared to the random distribution that would have been expected.
The composition of the universe. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Hidden change in dark energy could rewrite the laws of physics

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Dark energy may not be constant after all. DESI analysis of millions of galaxies shows signs that it may be evolving, suggesting a huge shift in cosmology
: First image: Researchers led by astronomers from the University of Michigan have discovered the smallest and faintest galaxy (encircled by a white ellipse) orbiting the Andromeda galaxy. Credit: CFHT/MegaCam/PAndAS (Principal Investigator: Alan McConaughey; Image Processing: Marcus Arias) Second image: Map of the Andromeda Galaxy (M31) and its satellite galaxies, with the newly discovered galaxy, Andromeda XXXV, clearly highlighted. Credit: JM Arias et al. Astrophys. J. Lett. (2025)

Mysterious Galaxy "Andromeda XXXV" Subverts the Rules of Galactic Evolution

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Astronomers from the University of Michigan have revealed the smallest and faintest galaxy yet discovered around the Andromeda Galaxy, and their discovery raises new questions about the formation and survival of dwarf galaxies.
This Hubble image captures the stunning remains of an exploded star in the distant galaxy LEDA 132905, located more than 400 million light-years away. Credit: ESA/Hubble & NASA, RJ Foley (UC Santa Cruz)

Hubble captures the dramatic end of a distant supernova

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The Hubble Space Telescope has documented the remnants of the supernova SN 2022abvt in the distant galaxy LEDA 132905, more than 400 million light-years from Earth.
To mark the 100th anniversary of Edwin Hubble’s discovery of a Cepheid variable star, named V1, in the neighboring Andromeda galaxy, astronomers collaborated with the American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO) to study the star. AAVSO observers followed V1 for six months, creating a graph—or light curve—that records the star’s periodic rise and fall in brightness. Based on this data, the Hubble Space Telescope was scheduled to observe the star during its weakest and brightest hours. Credit: NASA, ESA, Hubble Heritage Project (STScI, AURA), Robert Gendler.

The star that proved the universe is bigger than we imagined

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A century ago, Edwin Hubble's discovery of the variable star V1 in the Andromeda Galaxy revealed a vast, expanding universe, becoming a turning point in our understanding of the cosmos.
A magnificent black hole with an allocation disk and a cosmic hill of matter.

Supermassive black holes defy physics to become cosmic giants

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Researchers have linked X-ray emissions from 21 distant quasars to the rapid growth of supermassive black holes in the early universe
The time travel of the James Webb Space Telescope. Photo: NASA

A bright surprise in the early universe: new discoveries from the James Webb Space Telescope

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Among the impressive achievements of the telescope is the detection of very early galaxies, which developed only about 300 million years after the Big Bang
Galaxies. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Accurate mapping of millions of galaxies will reveal the secrets of dark matter and the expansion of the universe

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The Physics of the Universe Survey (PAUS) accelerator has revealed a groundbreaking catalog detailing distances to millions of galaxies with unprecedented precision.
An artist's impression showing what happened when two giant galaxy clusters, known together as MACS J0018.5, collided: the dark matter in the galaxy clusters (blue) moved ahead of the associated clouds of hot gas, or normal matter (orange). Both dark matter and normal matter feel gravity, but only normal matter experiences additional effects such as shocks and eddies that slow it down during a collision. Credit: WM Keck Observatory / Adam Macarenko

Dark matter overtakes normal matter in the collision of giant galaxy clusters

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Astronomers have managed to unravel a complicated collision between two giant galaxy clusters in which the clusters' vast dark matter clouds separated from the normal matter. Each of the clusters contains thousands of galaxies and is located billions of miles apart
Prof. Martin Rees, winner of the 2024 Wolf Prize in Physics. Photo courtesy of the Wolf Prize Foundation

The British Astronomer Royal won the Wolff Prize in Physics

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The Wolf Prize in Physics for 2024 is awarded to Professor Martin Rees of the University of Cambridge, England, for his "pioneering contributions to high-energy astrophysics, the formation of galaxies and structures in the universe, and cosmology"
This image of NGC 5468, a galaxy about 130 million light-years from Earth, combines data from the Hubble and James Webb space telescopes. It is the most distant galaxy in which Hubble has detected variable Cepheid stars. These stars serve as important landmarks for measuring the expansion rate of the universe.

The Webb and Hubble space telescopes confirm the universe's expansion rate, the puzzle continues

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Web sightings provide new insights into a decade-long mystery
Simulation of a smooth halo of stars around the Milky Way. Figure: ESA

Gaia: The Milky Way's last major collision happened surprisingly recently

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The Large Hadron Collider LHC is down for an upgrade. Photo: CERN

Why is the mass of the Higgs particle lighter than expected?

Researchers have built a model according to which the mass of the Higgs boson, which helps produce the mass of elementary particles, changed in the early universe, and is therefore much smaller than the standard model of particle physics describes
The study of gravity using gravitational waves. Credit: The Science website via DALEE

The quest for the theory of everything - scientists examine Einstein using the many data obtained from gravitational wave observations

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A research partnership between theoretical physicists and computational physicists at the University of Virginia that may offer new insight into the possibility of a theory of everything or, at the very least, a better understanding of gravity, one of the fundamental forces of
Infographic: the history of the universe. Credit: NASA

Artificial intelligence seeks to solve the dark energy problem

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This is according to the Dark Energy Survey Partnership, of which University College London is a founding member, hosts the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in the United States and includes more than 400 scientists from 25 institutions in 7 countries
NGC 5468 — the host galaxy of Cepheid. Joint photograph of the Webb and Hubble Space Telescopes, NASA/ESA

The Webb and Hubble telescopes confirm the rate of expansion of the universe, the puzzle remains

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Webb's measurements provide new light on a decade-long mystery known as the Hubble stress - the differences in the age of the universe between the Hubble observations and past observations that remain unexplained * Prof. Adam Rees, winner
An example of a supernova detected by the Dark Energy Survey within the field covered by one of the few detectors in the Dark Energy Camera. The supernova exploded in a spiral galaxy with redshift = 0.04528, which corresponds to a light travel time of about 0.6 billion years. For comparison, the quasar on the right has a redshift of 3.979 and a light travel time of 11.5 billion years. Credit DES Collaboration/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/M.

The Dark Energy Survey publishes final results from the largest, in-depth and uniform sample of supernovae

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Among the observations of about two million distant galaxies, the researchers found several thousand supernovae, and this is the largest and most profound sample of supernovae ever obtained by a single telescope. The scientists then used advanced techniques of
This image, showing an elliptical galaxy (left) and a spiral galaxy (right) includes nearby AA light from the James Webb Space Telescope and UV light seen from the Hubble Space Telescope. Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, Rogier Windhorst (ASU), William Keel ( University of Alabama), Stuart Wyithe (University of Melbourne), JWST PEARLS Team, Alyssa Pagan (STScI)

Explanation of a strange cosmic phenomenon: astrophysicists discovered why there are no spiral galaxies in our supergalactic plane

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Astrophysicists have discovered why spiral galaxies like our Milky Way are rare in the supergalactic plane, a dense region of our local universe
An artist's rendering of the huge void and the filaments and walls that surround it. Credit: Pablo Carlos Budassi

Lost in Space: Is a Vast Void Dividing the Universe?

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The "mourning tension" in cosmology has recently raised questions about the standard cosmological model
Conceptual diagram of this study. Signals from supernovae (close-up lower right), quasars (close-up middle left), and gamma-ray bursts (close-up top center) reach Earth in the Milky Way galaxy (background), where we can use them to measure cosmological parameters. Credit: NAOJ

Rewriting the past and future of the universe - new research sheds light on the fate of our cosmos

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New research has improved the accuracy of the parameters that control the expansion of the universe. More precise parameters will help astronomers determine how the universe grew to its current state, and how it will evolve in the future.

The beginning of the universe in the eyes of science

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A special article in honor of Hebrew new year summarizing the creation of the world through the lens of science
A massive magnetic helium star, on its way to becoming a magnetizer. Figure: ESO

A new type of star has been discovered: a massive magnetic helium star

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Astronomers at the European Southern Observatory discovered that the star HD 45166 is a neutron star about to become a megastar
A star exploding is a dramatic event, but the debris the star leaves behind can be even more dramatic. A new mid-infrared image from the James Webb Space Telescope provides one stunning example. It shows the remains of the supernova Cassiopeia A (Cas A), created by a stellar explosion 340 years ago. The image shows bright colors and complex structures. Cas A is the youngest known remnant of a massive exploding star in our galaxy, offering astronomers an opportunity to understand the star's death process. Image credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, D. Milisavljevic (Purdue University), T. Temim (Princeton University), I. De Looze (UGent), J. DePasquale (STScI)

Let's see how Cassiopeia is doing: Webb reveals new details on the Cassiopeia A supernova

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Webb recorded what remained after the death of a star only 11 thousand light years away from us. It is a relatively new supernova - only 350 years old
Gravitational waves are created by a pair of stars turning into black holes. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Gravitational waves light up the universe

Gravitational wave analysis hints at the way black hole pairs are formed

Another step towards quantum gravity

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Physicist Hikida from the University of Tokyo and his colleagues developed the dual model for Einstein's theory of gravity in three-dimensional de Sitter space. This is a significant step towards a model that will faithfully describe nature, that is, the physics of
Multiverse - parallel universes. From Wikipedia

What is the Hemolyteverse?

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Following the new Marvel movie "Doctor Strange in the Dimensions of Madness" which takes place in the Multiverse, I decided to break down in a short article the meaning of parallel universes and the reasons to believe in their existence. In my opinion, science surpasses all imagination,
Imaging of the quasar J1342+0928, the active galactic halo that contains at its center a supermassive black hole, with a mass 800 million times that of our Sun, that is gobbling up a lot of material from a hot disk surrounding it. Source: Robin Dienel/Carnegie Institution for Science.

The most distant supermassive black hole to date has been discovered

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A diagram of the evolution and expansion of the universe, with cosmic inflation visible at its very beginning. Is the theory of cosmic inflation, which tries to explain the properties of our universe, wrong? Source: r NASA/WMAP Science Team.

Cosmic controversy

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The dark energy puzzle, the mystery of why the expansion of the universe is accelerating, is a tough nut to crack. Photo: NASA and A. Riess (STScI), CC BY.

The dark energy puzzle

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A diagram of the evolution and expansion of the universe, with cosmic inflation visible at its very beginning. Is the theory of cosmic inflation, which tries to explain the properties of our universe, wrong? Source: r NASA/WMAP Science Team.

The theory of cosmic inflation is in trouble

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Laniakia supercluster. Source: R. Brent Tully et al, The Laniakea supercluster of galaxies, Nature 513, 2014.

Laniakia: Our exact address in the universe

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Prof. Stephen Hawking in a plane that allows training in zero gravity conditions. Photo: NASA

The (elusive) theory of everything / Stephen Hawking and Leonard Malodino

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supernova From Wikipedia

Astronomy - The Big Bang Theory

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The galaxy cluster SXDF-XCLJ0218-0510 which is 9.6 billion light years away from us. The most distant cluster known as of May 2010. Image: Max Planck Institute for Physics

The most distant galaxy cluster has been discovered

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The cover of Mi'zio Kaku's book The Physics of the Impossible. Aryeh Nir Publishing House 2010

The introductory chapter to Professor Michio Kaku's book - The Physics of the Impossible

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Cosmic scene with DNA, stars, solvents and atomic circles in oral flow.

Super trends in science research in the 21st century: towards the end of the first decade

Cosmic scene with DNA, stars, solvents and atomic circles in oral flow.

Watch the formation of the universe through microwaves

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Cosmic scene with DNA, stars, solvents and atomic circles in oral flow.

The universe does not expand uniformly

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Cosmic scene with DNA, stars, solvents and atomic circles in oral flow.

Before the Big Bang - the Great Disappointment

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Cosmic scene with DNA, stars, solvents and atomic circles in oral flow.

Will cosmic cubs swallow our universe?

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