Research methods in UFO research

Note, the website system does not share the opinion regarding the existence of Abamim, but the article is interesting at least in terms of the way in which evidence can be examined

introduction

The study of the UFO phenomenon is a relatively new research field, no more than 50 years old, and it is accompanied by many reservations on the part of the academy. These reservations stem from two reasons. The first reason is the relatively low accessibility of the phenomenon. Since these are occasional appearances, even if they are many, it is not possible to prepare for the appearance of UFOs and to prepare observation tools and research instruments ahead of time and to carry out an orderly follow-up of their occurrence. The happenings from a human point of view are random and in most cases the evidence given about it is retrospective. A second reason is that the academy is not ready to dedicate budgets to this due to the claim that this phenomenon does not exist or that other explanations can be given for it. Behind this reservation is the premise that UFOs do not exist and that it is technologically impractical to build aircraft capable of moving at a speed higher than the speed of light and to cover distances of tens and hundreds of light years, not to mention thousands of light years in a few days or a few weeks.

At the same time, countless pieces of evidence are accumulating over the years that increasingly confirm the existence of the phenomenon. It is true that non-academic research institutions have been established that investigate the subject and journals are also published that refer to it, but these bodies as a whole are still in the first research phase and is the very proof that UFOs do exist and that they are not the imagination of the evidence moralists. The accumulated knowledge now allows turning to more advanced stages of research. Based on the various evidences, new aspects of the UFOs, such as their structure, must be tested. The principles of their propulsion and initial knowledge of their pilots. Officially, at least, there was no exchange of information with them, so apparently no anthropological studies were done on the pilots of these aircraft.

If you look at the phenomenon over time, by examining the historical sources, you can see that there is evidence of the existence of this phenomenon already in antiquity. Therefore, the conclusion is requested that as a first step the information must be sorted. This sorting distinguishes between two types of information, which are historical information and current information. The historical information refers to any evidence from the past that implies the existence of a UFO appearance and the current information refers to the evidence of the 20th century. All this for the reason that the manner of examination of the testimony given will naturally be different. Let's not forget that the world of content in ancient times was different from ours and the concepts they used to explain reality were different from the contemporary ones. Scientific investigation was limited and was the exclusive property of intellectual elites and they lacked the quantitative tools to study the world of phenomena. Therefore, the study of the evidence from ancient times is essentially qualitative and the use of quantitative tools is inherently marginal, unless archaeological excavations yield physical findings and many written evidences that will enable the deepening of the use of quantitative methods.

The historical evidence

The evidence from the past can be classified into two groups, evidence that has signs of an extraordinary event and which is reported in the historical records and evidence that has been preserved within various myths. The historical evidence mostly describes an extraordinary story about an object that cannot be precisely defined and which passes across the sky. These testimonies can be as short as a sentence or two and can be relatively long. In any case, the technique used for checking the scriptures is event analysis and it includes several steps:

1. Identifying the reported source. This is of great importance in terms of the reliability of the report.
2. Description of the object being reported.
3. Description of the environment and time (in terms of the time of the performance) at the time of its occurrence, and as far as this can be done relying on the scriptures.
4. What season of the year did the event take place? This is of great importance since it allows reference, even partially, to the extent of the cloudiness of the sky at the time of the occurrence.
5. duration of occurrence.
6. Checking the reaction of the spectators to the event.
7. Try as much as possible to estimate the size of the bone.
8. Was there the presence of one or more bones.

Evidence from mythology is more difficult to test since it is integrated within a narrative fabric and it is necessary to isolate the evidence under investigation. Checking these evidences is problematic since they are delivered in the form of symbols and it is necessary to crack the codes of these symbols, in order to be able to do a reliable test. The most striking example to illustrate the point is the testimony of the prophet Ezekiel which is all a work of thought of symbols and it takes more than the hand of a craftsman to decipher the scriptures and come to the conclusion that the prophet did see a UFO. The one who specialized in this was the engineer Yosef Blumbrich, a NASA engineer who published a book called The Spaceships of Ezekiel (1974). This test includes several steps:

1. Itor told a story (narrative) that is thought provoking given information that hints at a technological ability that goes beyond what was acceptable in the period to which the myth refers.
2. Checking if the narrator is partially or largely similar to current technology.
3. The translation of the cultural and symbolic codes of the described period into modern terms.
4. Testing whether the textual description can be compared with contemporary concepts.
5. The presentation of the possibility in a higher degree explains that it is indeed reported in a myth with contemporary or more advanced scientific or technological characteristics.

After examining the individual evidence whether it is a historical event or a myth, it must be compared with other historical or mythological evidence to try to reach universal characterizations. In general, the more similarities are found between different events and narratives around the world that are distant from each other geographically and in terms of the time of occurrence, the higher the probability that a true report was indeed given and the higher the validity of the evidence.

Evidence from the 20th century

Evidence from the 20th century is different in nature from historical evidence since the witnesses are living people and they can be interviewed personally, these testimonies can be recorded and re-examined when deemed appropriate. Since it is a wide variety of evidence, it is necessary to sort them according to different criteria. The accepted sorting is according to the type of meeting and there are 4 types of meetings and they are:

• An encounter of the first type - an encounter in which the UFO was observed in flight.
• The second type of encounter - an encounter in which the UFO was observed on the ground after landing.
• A meeting of the third kind - a meeting with the aliens from the UFO flights.
• A meeting of the fourth type - a meeting with the extraterrestrials inside their aircraft and this is mostly carried out due to the abduction of the witnesses and bringing them to the aircraft for various tests.

The photographs of the planets and their moons by spacecraft sent towards them. The evidence provided by astronauts allows the use of another criterion, which is evidence of the appearance of UFOs outside the earth. And here there are three other types of meetings and they are:

1. Testimonies of astronauts operating in orbit around the Earth.
2. Testimonies of Apollo pilots about the appearance of UFOs in the lunar sky.
3. Photographs of UFOs taken elsewhere in the solar system.
4. Ground photographs of planets and their moons. that they testify to ground reliefs that are not the product of geological processes, but that they were made on purpose, that is, buildings built by extraterrestrials.

Testimonies of astronauts, both those in orbit around the Earth and those who landed on the Moon are equivalent to a first-class encounter. The entirety of the evidence must be examined in two parallel ways: examining the morals of the evidence and examining the photographic films or video films of these evidences, if the events were indeed filmed. The examination of the witnesses is done in two stages. The first step is the examination of the witnesses themselves and the second step is the examination of the content of the testimony itself. The examination of the witnesses refers to their credibility and character and the examination of the coherence of the evidence itself, that is, it is checked whether the testimony is consistent and that there are no contradictions in it. During this examination, the witnesses are asked to give their testimony several times in order to make sure that they have memorized all the possible details. When necessary, evidence is obtained through hypnosis. This is done mainly after meetings of the third type, checking the education of the witnesses and their knowledge of the subject and comparing it to the testimonies of other people who witnessed the event. If there is a correlation between the totality of the evidence, it must be assumed with high probability that the observed event is indeed real. Special weight is given to the status of the witnesses. When testimony is given by senior officers, pilots and astronauts, their testimony must be treated as true testimony for the reason that people in this position will not risk their livelihood and reputation, just to tell something fictional.

The examination of the content of the evidence refers to the description of the observed UFO, structure, color, nature of the flight and the place of observation (from the ground, from a plane, from a spacecraft). This test gives the researchers the ability, at least initially, to confirm the engineering characteristics of these aircraft. It is difficult to learn from this about their propulsion methods, but if the evidence shows that the aircraft was observed, flying for example at a speed of 8000 km/h, it is difficult to say that it is a domestic aircraft since no domestic aircraft has yet flown at such a speed. If the event was filmed, the films should be checked to see if they are not an act of fraud and if the event is nothing more than a well-known phenomenon. The photographic films must also be checked using different filters to reveal things that cannot be recorded by the human eye or by visible light. If necessary, enlargements of the parts of the observed UFO should be performed, in order to examine small details that can only be seen under magnification.

If the UFO makes sharp turns, it must be assumed that this is true testimony. Even if airplanes could perform these maneuvers, the human body could not withstand them. It must therefore be assumed that the UFO pilots can withstand these loads or that this danger is neutralized using unknown technologies. These tests are quantitative tests since the events can be measured accurately. A work that can illustrate the nature of these studies is Alan Watts' book "The UFO Mystery" (1997).
Testimonies of astronauts should be treated as testimonies given by pilots. If these testimonies are supported by photographs, the films themselves should be checked, not in terms of forgeries (because it is hard to believe that astronauts would give false testimony and perform various manipulations on the photographic or video films), but to confirm their correctness. To the extent that it is necessary to check if the photo and video devices are working, and then to check the characteristics of the photographed bodies, similar to the photos of UFOs on Earth. As for photographs of planets and moons, these photographs are examined using the technique of aerial photographs taken from airplanes. These photographs are taken at very high resolutions, such as the Global Surveyor Mars spacecraft that transmits photographs to the Earth with resolutions of 1.2 meters, which makes it possible to examine very small details. If there are indeed formations that are not natural, they are easy to notice. In order to reach the conclusions that these are indeed artificial structures, all the photographs of each tested site must be checked in all possible resolutions, from every angle of photography while referring to the directions from which the sunlight comes. These tests are necessary to avoid errors resulting from shading. These photographs also allow measurements of the photographed formations. If possible, it is advisable to compare these photographs with photographs of various structures on Earth.

In order to find general characteristics, this body of evidence must be compared to all the observed UFOs, such as sorting them according to size, shape, flight speed, character, colors, caution, etc. Comparative studies of this type can be found in Richard Hall's book "UFOs" (1996).

As for the second type of encounters, there are very few photographs of landings on the ground. Most of the visual reports are illustrations that are made based on the verbal reports and they can be made by the witnesses themselves or by professionals. If the illustrations are at a low level of detail, the research results will be very poor. If the illustrations are at a high level of detail and look like technical drawings and if this is accompanied by at least one numerical figure regarding the size of the UFO, then through a series of mutually derived principles the research results will be effective. It will be possible to learn from this about the engineering characteristics of the aircraft. Details found in various testimonies relate to the shape of the UFOs: landing pads of various types, ladders, doors and windows. It is also possible to diagnose different types of UFOs based on a comparative study between them. In general, the higher the level of detailed illustration, the more effective the research will be.
Testimonies from encounters of the third type give descriptions of UFOs that landed on the ground and in quite a few cases the witnesses also tell about extraterrestrials that they saw in the vicinity of the UFO on the ground. In these cases there are two reports, one report describes the aircraft itself and a second report describes the alien. These descriptions are sometimes accompanied by graphic illustrations. Since in these cases the UFOs are visible from a very short distance of a few meters to tens of meters, there is a probability of providing a more detailed description of them and although according to various testimonies they are of a very high level and we can learn from them about the physical characteristics of the aircraft. The same goes for the illustrations of the aliens themselves. In this case a detailed description also allows an analytical anatomical analysis of the extraterrestrials. Surgical anatomical analysis is possible only in cases where bodies of extraterrestrials are found following the crash of their aircraft. It is possible to make comparisons between different testimonies of encounters with extraterrestrials. Finding similar characterizations, among testimonies referring to different extraterrestrials, can confirm the reports of the witnesses that they are indeed true testimonies, a common testimony of various encounters is a description of membranes between the fingers of the extraterrestrials' hands (Mazar 1993).

Testimonies from encounters of the fourth type are the testimonies collected mostly through hypnosis, since we are talking about people who were abducted by extraterrestrials and because of this they sometimes went through traumas that their only way to overcome it is through suppression mechanisms. These testimonies should be backed up with the interview of the witnesses at a later stage in waking states. Using this technique it is possible to obtain information about the interior of UFOs. These evidences should be backed up with illustrations. It is possible to learn from this about the way the interior of the UFOs was designed and to see how functional the way of thinking of the UFO pilots is and whether it is similar or different from human thinking regarding human engineering. These testimonies are sometimes also accompanied by extraterrestrial descriptions. Analysis of these evidences was done as in the analysis of evidences of meetings of the third type.

As can be proven from the various testimonies, in most cases the UFOs do not directly touch the ground on their bellies but use landing pads. Therefore, it is also possible to check the ground after lifting them. In those places where there was contact between the ground and the landing sites, it is possible to check if there have been changes in the place such as deformations in the local vegetation, chemical tests of the soil itself and of the plants, tests that are done under laboratory conditions and checking for possible radiation residues in the place.

accompanying evidence

Another type of evidence is collateral evidence that is sometimes found at the scene of the event or following it. There are 4 types of evidence here and they are:

1. Manuscripts - there are cases where the extraterrestrials left written material at the scene, or where graphic marks are found on their outer sides or on their inner walls. The examination of these manuscripts is done using the techniques of deciphering writings as it is done in archaeological sites.

2. Various witnesses to encounters of the fourth type claim that various implants were inserted into their bodies that are used by the aliens for their needs. X-rays must be taken on these witnesses, of course with their consent, to confirm these claims. In the event that these testimonies are found to be real, it is advisable to remove these implants from their bodies and perform physical, chemical, mineralogical tests on them and, if possible, identify their modes of action and the purposes for which they were created.

3. If the witnesses testify that they saw the extraterrestrials operating various tools whether inside the UFOs or outside them, they should be asked to describe these tools. It is advisable to back up these descriptions with illustrations. This serves to illuminate another facet of the aliens, which is their work method and an attempt to see how similar their work patterns are to human work patterns.

4. The rings - these are the rings of geometric shapes in the fields. There are quite a few disagreements as to the authenticity of these forms. The examination of the phenomenon refers to a number of elements and they are: Is there access to the place of imprinting, that is, is there a distinct route that makes it possible to reach the place and whether there are footprints or signs of vehicles there. The complexity of the phenomenon, its accuracy and its size, and whether there is evidence of the presence of UFOs at the time the imprint was created. As a general rule, the bigger, more complex and more precise the imprint, the greater the need to look beyond to create this phenomenon. The execution of the sinking from the ground requires the work of several people who use measuring devices and work tools. If this is indeed the case, they should be seen at work. If it is done in daylight. If they work at night they will be heard from a distance due to the noise they make, and they must use strong lighting. These geometric shapes cannot be imprinted in the dark and their footprints or vehicle marks will be visible everywhere.

5. Crashes - among all the phenomena related to UFOs there are reports of UFO crashes. There is relatively little information about this. Because the place of occurrence is declared as a military site, which prevents the access of curious and unwanted people to the place. The UFOs themselves are taken to military camps for testing. Despite the heavy shroud of secrecy that surrounds these cases, over the years various information related to the event has been leaked and leaked. The best known case is the Roseville case. In this case the rumors about the phenomenon are too persistent to rule it out. In any case, a UFO that comes into military hands goes through a long series of engineering tests. The advantage of these tests over those of independent investigators is the large budgets available to the military investigators. The tests relate to the nature of the material the UFO is made of, both chemically, physically and metallurgically. Examining its internal structure, the instrumentation present in it and first and foremost its propulsion method. It can be assumed that despite the many efforts invested in the investigation of these tools, only very few of these secrets were managed to be deciphered because they were built on the basis of knowledge that is far from the knowledge that is currently in the possession of the scientific community and most likely these are worlds of knowledge that operate on the basis of insights different from those known today.

Summary

The investigation of UFOs is a relatively new and controversial field because many are not yet ready to accept its existence. At the same time, it is impossible and actually forbidden to cancel it with a wave of the hand. This must be treated as any unknown and incomprehensible phenomenon and its examination must be done with the full range of scientific tools available to the academy. The studies include various tools such as qualitative studies, quantitative studies, incident analysis techniques (including techniques used by police investigators - MZP), comparative studies and anatomical studies if possible, full professional attention will be given to this from the moment the Academy extends its patronage to this field .

bibliography

1. Hall R. - UFOs Or Ham Publishing House 1996, 343 p.
2. Watts a. - The UFO Mystery, Crown Publishing 1997, 223 p.
3. Mazar H. - "Homoids require an aquatic environment" The UFOs March 2, 1993, pp. 4-6.
4. Blumrich JF – The Spaceships of Ezekiel Bantam Book, 1974, 179 p.

Research methods in UFO research

1. The historical evidence
1.1. Evidence reported in the historical records
1.2. Evidence preserved within myths

2. Evidence from the 20th century
2.1. Encounters of the first type - the UFO was observed in flight
2.2. Encounters of the second type - the UFO was observed on the ground
2.3. The third type of encounter - eye contact with the extraterrestrials
2.4. An encounter of the fourth kind - an encounter with the aliens inside the UFO
2.5. Extraterrestrial evidence:
2.5.1. Evidence from Earth orbit
2.5.2. Testimonies of Apollo pilots
2.5.3. Photographs of UFOs elsewhere in the solar system
2.5.4. Ground photographs of the planets and their moons

3. Additional evidence
3.1. handwriting
3.2. Implants
3.3. Extraterrestrial tools
3.4. the rings
3.5. Crashes