Climate, water, soil and climate change

The climate changes cause damage to the quality of the soil and as a result damage to the availability of water and food crops. Beaches, seas, ecosystems, weather and above all public health are facing harm due to climate change. Acute damage is also caused to soils

The climate changes cause damage to the quality of the soil and as a result damage to the availability of water and food crops. Beaches, seas, ecosystems, weather and above all public health are facing harm due to climate change. Acute damage is also caused to soils.
In large areas of the world, climate change causes a decrease in the ability of soils to absorb water, according to a study conducted at Rutgers University in New Jersey andPublished in Science Advances. This decrease will cause less water in the soil and as a result damage to biological diversity and a sharp decrease in food production. The climate changes cause changes in the rain systems and environmental conditions that shift and change, causing damage to the water-soil relationship. The direction of the changes and their strength require a response that mitigates the risks.

According to the researchers, water in the soil is a factor in storing carbon dioxide. Changes in the soil affect the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air in an unpredictable way.

Last year A study was published in "Nature". which shows how an increase in rainfall in certain areas due to climate change leads to more flood flows and as a result less water is absorbed into the soil and less water is available to plants. At the same time, there are more floods that sweep away soil that the crops need. Studies have shown how the amount of water that seeps into the ground changes within a decade following an increase in the amount of rainfall', a figure that requires consideration because of the forecast that due to climate change, the amount of rainfall will increase in many areas.

In an experiment that lasted 25 years in Kansas where areas were irrigated with the help of sprinklers, the researchers found that: "An increase of about 25% in the amount of rainfall caused a 30% decrease in water absorption in the soil and only a minimal increase in the availability of water for plants. The major changes were attributed to spaces in the soil that allow water to be stored for the use of plants, microorganisms, food materials and a variety of biological activities.

But it turns out that heavy rains cause the clogging of those spaces and thus damage the natural cycle. On top of that, when the water dries up, membranes are formed that block the entry of air and thus again the biological activity in the soil is affected.
The researchers recommend the continuation of the research in different regions to enable predictions about the reaction of the different types of soil, the ecosystems and the unique conditions for each region, predictions that will show the reactions to climate change.

It is worth noting that we have developed cultivation and irrigation methods that are supposed to mitigate the negative effects of climate change, despite a cold shoulder from the central government. The development of agriculture in desert areas with the help of drip irrigation is an important and useful initiative, what's more, recently there has been a transition from single-crop agriculture (monoculture) to diverse and different crops. However rainstorms that cause flooding are becoming more frequent. The floods sweep away land and damage fields and crops. Drainage and flood water collection systems will limit the damage.

And finally, again and again and again, it is appropriate that instead of controlling the environment for the sake of the human population, there should be control of the human population for the sake of the environment.