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glass. Illustration: shutterstock

Spin-glass: the quantum physics behind the discovery that won Frisee the Nobel

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The Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded this year to Giorgio LaFerrisi for his scientific contribution in understanding complex systems alongside climate researchers. The prize committee decided to focus on the solution he proposed to the spin-glass problem on the grounds that this model is able to explain many phenomena outside the physics of materials. What is a spin-glass phase and what is Frizi's contribution to the theory?
The scientists took advantage of the fact that chirality affects an electron property called "spin", which is characterized by two states - "spin up" and "spin down" - similar to the spinning of a spinning top clockwise or counterclockwise. Illustration: Prof. Ron Naaman, Weizmann Institute

Molecular spin in the laboratory

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The photonic big bang: weak disorder creates a weak nanometric separation between photons with opposite spin (red and blue) - "photonic spin-Hall effect". Only in complete disorder does the "photonic explosion" occur - photons with opposite spins split and fill the entire momentum space - the "photonic Rashba effect". The phenomenon describes a topological phase transition that manifests itself in symmetry breaking. The research was inspired by models in cosmology that describe the Big Bang. Silicon nanoantennas are depicted in the picture, and the transition from antennas ordered in their direction to complete disorder is expressed by measuring a sharp increase in entropy (as a measure of disorder). Source: Technion.

The "big bang" in nanooptics

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Molecular structures that "filter" electrons according to their chiral structure. Source: Weizmann Institute magazine.

The secret is the color

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Electrons flow through a chiral biomolecule. Electrons with a certain spin manage to pass, while electrons with the opposite spin are blocked. Source: Weizmann Institute.

spin filters

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The new memory chip. Contains thousands of components, the size of which is a few thousandths of a millimeter. Photo courtesy of Prof. Yossi Peltiel, Hebrew University

Israeli development: extremely efficient computer memory components

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XNUMXD visualization of an atom. Illustration: shutterstock

Controlling the electronic spin for the development of solar cells

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A system for detecting the spin of a single atom. Photo: Weizmann Institute

I came, I saw, I determined

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Scanning tunneling macroscopic image of organic furrows. The different colors represent different directions of the spin. Source: CFN

The yet to be revealed spin

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Para hydrogen and ortho hydrogen. Photo: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories

Nuclear magnetic resonance without a magnet?

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A system for detecting the spin of a single atom. Photo: Weizmann Institute

The song of the solitary atom

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The structure of DNA. From Wikipedia

The spin filter

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Scanning tunneling macroscopic image of organic furrows. The different colors represent different directions of the spin. Source: CFN

Organic compounds as electrical components

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Explanation of IBM's racetrack memory activity

IBM development: the spin of the electrons will help create huge memories

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Right: Erez Gershenval and Prof. Ilya Aberbuch. whirlwind

who moved my molecule

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From the right: Ran Vardimon, Regev Ben-Zvi, Dr. Oren Tal, Roi Kazaz and Tamar Yelin

A very narrow bridge: is it possible to produce electronic components whose size does not exceed that of a single molecule?

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Scanning electron microscope image of a gold bridge suspended 40 nm above a silicon substrate. In the experiment, the bridge is cut in the middle, a single electrode is suspended in the resulting gap, and the substrate is bent to stretch the electrode while measuring the electron current passing through it.

Single isolated devices

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Threading light into a nanometric hole in the shape of a "pretzel" and spiral grooves on the surface of a gold layer - an optical nanometer screw. On the right - screwing the light into the hole, on the left - electron microscope images of the nanometer optical screw.

The Technion researchers managed to "screw" light and inject it into a nanometer hole

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the frustrated ones

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New memory technology that allows storage of half a million songs on an MP3 player

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