This is according to a career survey of PhD holders conducted by the Central Bureau of Statistics for the OCED. The ratio between women and men with PhDs in the fields of physical sciences, mathematics, statistics and computer science is one to three, and in the field of engineering - one to seven. On the other hand, in the field of humanities the ratio is in favor of women, four to three
Career survey of PhD holders - 2009
Holders of a PhD have the highest contribution to the advancement of knowledge and technology. They therefore play a key role in the creation of innovation and knowledge-based economic growth. A career survey of PhD holders was conducted for the first time in Israel in 2010 and the information in it mostly refers to 2009 and partly to the 10 years before that. The survey commissioned and financed by the National Council for Research and Development is part of an international survey in which 30 member countries of the OECD organization participate.
The career survey of PhD holders is a joint project of the OECD, EUROSTAT and the United Nations Statistical Institute. Participation in the survey allows Israel to integrate into an innovative worldwide statistical project whose goal is to compare the data between the countries participating in the survey, with the help of creating uniform indicators. The OECD organization will issue a publication in the near future that includes results obtained from all the countries that participated in the survey.
The information emerging from the survey allows decision makers in Israel to learn about the contribution and participation of PhD holders in the labor market, about their research-academic careers, and about the international scientific relationships they manage.
Demographic characteristics of PhD holders
In 2009, there were 33.6 thousand holders of a PhD in Israel, 61% of whom were men and 39% women, 33% of whom were aged 64-55, and 28% up to the age of 44.
In every age group the percentage of men is higher than the percentage of women except up to the age of 44 - 37% compared to 23%.
Holders of a Ph.D. in the field of humanities were qualified for a Ph.D. at a higher average age than holders of a Ph.D. in the fields of biological sciences, physical sciences, mathematics, statistics and computer sciences - 41 versus 33.
In 2009, about half of PhD holders (53%) were born in Israel, 20% were born in the former Soviet Union and 21% were born in Europe (without the USSR), America and Oceania. As for the source of the degree, 62% received their third degree from an academic institution in Israel, 16% from an academic institution in the former Soviet Union and 21% in Europe (excluding the USSR), America and Oceania.
PhD studies
In 2009, 26% of PhD holders were qualified in physical sciences, mathematics, statistics and computer sciences, 19% in humanities, 18% in biological sciences, 17% in social sciences and law, 10% in engineering, and 10% in medicine and agriculture.
A higher proportion of men were qualified in the field of physical sciences, mathematics, statistics and computer science. The ratio between women and men with Ph.D.s in the fields of physical sciences, mathematics, statistics and computer science is one in three, and in the field of engineering one in seven. On the other hand, in the field of humanities, women are the majority, with the ratio between women and men standing at 1.33.
A similar percentage (87%) of those with a third degree and all employed people aged 20 and over are satisfied with their work. Segmentation by gender also reveals no significant differences in job satisfaction between those with a third degree and all those employed 20 years of age or older.
The percentage of PhD holders who are satisfied with their income from work is high compared to all employed people aged 20 and over - 66% and 58% respectively.
The percentage of women with a third degree who are satisfied with their income from work is 11 percentage points higher than the percentage of employed women aged 20 and over (66% and 55% respectively). Whereas the percentage of men with a third degree who are satisfied with their income from work is only 5 points higher than the percentage of employed people aged 20 and over - 66% and 61% respectively.
The response of the head of the Council for the Advancement of Women in Science at the Ministry of Science and Technology to the findings of a survey showing that the ratio between men and women with PhDs in the field of engineering is one in seven
A survey conducted by the National Council for Research and Development at the Ministry of Science and Technology and published today showed that among those with a PhD in Israel today, a higher proportion of men were qualified in engineering, physical sciences, mathematics, statistics and computer science. The ratio between women and men with Ph.D.s in the fields of physical sciences, mathematics, statistics and computer science is one in three, and in the field of engineering one in seven. In contrast, in the field of humanities and biological sciences, women form a majority, with the ratio of women to men standing at 1.33 in the humanities and biological sciences, 52.4% are women.
According to Prof. Miriam Erez, head of the Council for the Advancement of Women in Science at the Ministry of Science and Technology, the reasons for the low percentage of women with Ph.D. degrees in the field of science are precise and in engineering in particular due to a number of reasons: "First, the percentage of girls studying engineering subjects for a bachelor's degree is low and therefore the pool from which it is possible to continue to a degree little third Second, there are three main reasons that influence the choice of women in the profession: a. abilities, b. Interest and motivation, c. Social expectations and stereotypes. Studies show that there are no big gaps between boys and girls in the level of IQ, but there are gaps in the level of interest and motivation, with girls finding more interest in professions and occupations that have contact with people while boys prefer more technical occupations. These preferences are also influenced by expectations and social stereotypes that reinforce the differentiation between male and female professions, and influence the choice of girls and boys at an age when their identity is also taking shape."
However, Prof. Erez is optimistic about the change in the situation: "In recent years, a professional and occupational environment has been created that may bring about a change in the percentage of women in the professions of exact sciences and engineering. Today, many professions are multidisciplinary such as biomedical engineering, medical information systems and biotechnology. Furthermore, the most dramatic development in the world of computers today is manifested in the social network, that is, technology and society. Therefore, today the gap between male and female professions is blurring and a suitable background is being created to change the perceptions and prejudices of the girls themselves and of the environment in which they grow up, in order for them to turn to technological professions. Mechanical engineering also does not require getting dirty with machine oil and the researchers in this field are engaged in the development of medical robots and computer applications."
As for the role of the education system in encouraging women to access these professions, Prof. Erez says, "It is important that examples of social and humanitarian contexts are also incorporated into the curriculum of science and engineering subjects, so that girls will connect more with the study material. Role models are a source of inspiration for girls, so it is important to expose young female students to women involved in engineering."
"Differences between cultures in the degree of the gap between men and women, including the degree of differentiation in professions and occupations, are proof that these are mainly social influences on choosing a profession and occupation" says Prof. Erez. In the 2010 report of the World Economic Forum, Israel ranks 52nd out of 134 countries, in the index of the gap between women and men. The smallest differences are in the Northern European countries. The USA is ranked 20th. "The data show that Israeli society has a lot of room for improvement in closing the gap between men and women in general and in choosing the fields of science and technology in particular," concludes Prof. Erez. A figure that is a bright spot in this context in the council's survey is the high proportion of women with a PhD by the age of 44 (36.7%).
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Try to do a linguistic or literary analysis of medieval poetry or analyze the poetry of Uri Zvi Greenberg and then you will come to other conclusions. With the low language you use, you embarrassed yourself and gave yourself a very bad name..
The humanities do not deserve to be called science. So are some of the disciplines in the social sciences. There is no place for a comparison between a "Doctorate in Decision Making" or a Doctorate in "Medieval Poetry" - an education that any person can acquire while living in the toilets - and a Doctorate in Chemistry, Physics, Mathematics, Engineering or Biology.
Many educated women work in teaching. To go to study during a working year (not a sabbatical) for a bachelor's degree or a course in the "ceramics" sciences, the Ministry of Education encourages with a scholarship. To study a master's degree, the ministry reduces the scholarship, and for a third degree there is almost no allocation for scholarships!!!
for your information.
"It is important that examples of social and humanitarian contexts will also be integrated into the study content of science and engineering subjects, so that girls will connect more with the study material."
WTF?!?!
Mathematics was saved thanks to computer science, physics was saved thanks to electronics, and the question is what about mathematics and theoretical and not experimental physics, and out of 9.5000 to 44, half of which are from the sweet potato situation, it is interesting to check these data
Amazing to me
It is not clear why you make the author's name field the title. It's not pleasing to the eye. And besides, please don't flood, please read or read the site regulations.
As for New Speak, I have already expressed my opinion several times, there are accepted words. It is impossible to invent new words every day because of a political agenda because otherwise it would be impossible to read things written in the past without Rashi's interpretation.
That women who use the word "husband" for example, are even able to get a bachelor's degree.
Women who agree to marry are always less intelligent women and they are the women who make more children. Then we are surprised that there are also occlusions.. (admittedly still not as much as the lag of men.. but still).
And.. Yair, you don't understand anything about the difference.
Difference does not mean that everyone should be engaged in a different field, or in a field that suits Mr. Yair.
Shuni says that everyone can express their uniqueness in any content and in any possible profession.
Only equality can lead to the uniqueness and individuality of each and every one. Not the patriarchal division into "roles".
We once gave your excuse to forbid women to go outside (and here today it is proven that they are better with people and "outside"), or to forbid women from reading and writing (and here, it turns out that they are better at languages and reading and writing.
When will you understand that men and women are different? Girls like to play with dolls and boys with cars. Girls like humanities and boys like math, physics and computer science. There is no need for equality, for everyone to do what they like and what they are good at.
(And now the wise man will stand up and say that his daughter liked to play with cars and his son with barbies - it is true that there are also women in the exact sciences and men in the humanities, but I am talking about the majority).
It encourages (me) to find out that such a high percentage is in professions that are considered "real".
From reading previous articles, I feared that there would be a majority for doctors of Abyssinian dance.
"The contribution and participation of PhD holders in the labor market, on their research-academic career, and on the international scientific relations they manage".
The poll says nothing about it. But a high percentage of third degree holders are slaves in the labor market despite the third degree: they earn low salaries, work in menial jobs, contract workers, or lecturers from abroad at the university. Although the third degree is actually a tool for research at the university, in research institutes, in industry and in institutes in general - only a minority of third degree holders engage in research because of the small number of jobs in the economy in the field of research and development.
Any data on Moroccans?
Interesting how true this is at the end of 2011. Probably without much change. The general feeling is that today everyone is a doctor. There are so many of them... this is our national strength. The state needs to know how to use these minds. It is very unfortunate to hear that there is no equality between the sexes at these levels of study. At the same time, it seems to me that the female quantity deficit is a result of a traditional family structure where the mother mainly takes care of the children. When I am asked today if it is worth continuing to higher education, I am very hesitant. I know that there is no balance between the need and the desire to learn, deepen and enrich knowledge against the need to pay bills and feed a family. I encourage the young people of Israel to continue studying as they are doing, exceptionally, but warn them that with every passing moment in their studies they become more and more over-qualified and actually reduce their employment options.