Bohr, who was one of the fathers of quantum physics, grew up in the home of a chemist and a teacher and received a good scientific education, later he even won a prize for an experiment he did in his father's laboratory
Niels Henrik David Bohr was born in Copenhagen on October 7, 1885 to Christian - Professor of Physiology at the University of Copenhagen and Ellen nee Adler. Nils, together with his younger brother Harald (later a professor of mathematics) grew up in an atmosphere favored for the development of their genius. Nils' father was responsible for encouraging his interest in physics while still at school, his mother came from a respected family in the field of education.
After graduating from high school in 1903, Nils Bohr entered the University of Copenhagen where he studied under the guidance of Prof. S. Christiansen, a well-known physicist. He completed his master's degree in 1909 and his doctorate in 1911.
While he was still a student, the announcement by the Copenhagen Academy of Sciences of a prize to be awarded to someone who would solve some scientific problems, made him combine experimental and theoretical research on surface tension through the oscillations of liquid jets. The work, carried out in his father's laboratory that earned him a prize - a gold medal, was published in the journal Transactions of the Royal Society in 1908.
His follow-up studies became more theoretical in nature. His doctoral thesis was a completely theoretical fact of explaining the properties of materials with the help of the electron theory, which is still considered a classic in this field. In this work Bohr first confronted the implications of Planck's quantum theory of radiation.
In the fall of 1911 he stayed in Cambridge and worked with sir jj Thomson in a number of experiments and at the same time also continued the development of his theories. In the spring of 1912 he worked in the laboratory of Professor Rotherdorff in Manchester and was very productive in research in the field of the phenomenon of radioactive radiation. During this period he also carried out theoretical work on the absorption of alpha rays which he published in the Philosophical Magazine in 1913, in which he described the study of the structure of atoms based on Rutherford's discovery of atomic nuclei. With the help of concepts he borrowed from the quantum theory founded by Max Planck, which gradually assumed an important position in the science of theoretical physics, he succeeded in discovering the picture of the structure of the atom, which was later improved (mainly as a result of Heisenberg's ideas in 1925), but still served as a good explanation for the physical and chemical properties of the basics.
In 1913-1914, Bohr held the chair of physics at the University of Copenhagen. In the years 1914-1916 in a similar position at the University of Manchester. In 1916 he was appointed professor of theoretical physics at the University of Copenhagen. From 1920 until his death in 1962 he was the head of the Institute for Theoretical Physics founded for him at the University of Copenhagen. Thanks to his work on the structure of the atom, he won the Nobel Prize in 1922.
Bohr's work at his institute since 1930 was mainly on the fundamentals of atomic nuclei, and their transmutations and disintegration. In 1936, he pointed out that the fact that the atomic processes and interactions occur in such a limited area, but despite this being strong interactions, justifies the description of the transition processes in the classical way, rather than of whole atoms. According to him, a drop of liquid gives a better explanation of the structure of the nucleus. What is known as the liquid drop theory enables the understanding of the mechanism of the fission of the uranium nucleus discovered by Hahn and Strassman in 1939, and was the basis of theoretical studies in the field.
Bohr also contributed to the classification of problems in the field of quantum physics, through the development of the concept of complementarity, he showed how profound were the changes in the field of physics that affected various aspects of the scientific point of view and the fact that they affected far beyond the field of atomic physics and touched all areas of human knowledge. These concepts were described in several articles written by Bohr in the years 1933-1962.
During the Nazi occupation of Denmark in World War II, Bohr fled to Sweden and spent the last two years of the war in Great Britain and the United States. There he participated in the atomic energy project. appear to be that he was asked to cooperate with Nazi Germany to advance its nuclear program, but preferred to flee rather than provide the sensitive information.
After the war, he devoted his work to peaceful applications of atomic physics, and also expressed his displeasure at the problems arising from the development of atomic weapons. Among other things, he published his vision of peace in an open letter to the United Nations on June 9, 1950.
In the last five years of his life he became interested in molecular biology. His last article, which was published even though it was not finished after his death, bears the title "Light and life - a new look".
Bohr married in 1912 Margaret Norlund. The two had six sons, two of whom died, and the other four became soldiers in various professions - Ensign Henrik was a doctor, Erik - a chemical engineer, Aagi - a theoretical physicist who in his wake ran the Institute for Theoretical Physics, and Ernst was a lawyer.
He died in Copenhagen on November 18, 1962.
24 תגובות
to Ofer
You are a little racist who judges people by their origin
Proof of the intellectual superiority of the Ashkenazi people over the others@!@!
does not count.
It's still a zodiac sign, the hemlock.
Serge Harush has a mother of Russian Ashkenazi origin!!!
Several anecdotes about Bohr
During World War II, Bohr was evacuated to Britain by plane, something that almost cost him his life
He was hidden in the luggage compartment and almost died from lack of oxygen on the flight.
One of Bohr's sons died by drowning in a sailing accident that occurred when he and Bohr
Sailed together in a sailboat. In the stormy weather, the son fell into the water and his father was unable to rescue him.
Bohr was a consultant to the Manhattan Project when they tried to hide his identity and his code name was
Nicholas Baker.
Bohr was visited in Copenhagen by Werner Heisenberg who was his student and also the head of the German nuclear project
There are several versions of what happened in the aforementioned meeting and it was used as a basis for the presentation under the name
"Copenhagen"
Israel, I would be happy to answer on the blog any relevant comment on any entry.
Congratulations, Hemlock!!
Scientists like you - this is what is needed!
Harush received the notification about the win today, so I guess Ofer couldn't include him in the list a week ago.
Ofer,
The hemlock is not on the list you brought
The money.
By the way, I took a look at your blog, can I ask you some questions in theoretical physics?
Thanks.
Well, now we can summarize:
All of them are Nobel Prize winners in physics, all of them are of Jewish origin, not all of them are Ashkenazi. Francois Englert is (still) outside, Serge Herosh – a Jew of North African origin – inside 🙂
From Wikipedia (in Hebrew):
"In the early 40s, Bohr tried to continue his work despite the Nazi occupation, but because his mother was Jewish, the family had to flee on a fishing boat to Sweden in 1943."
Mr. Blizovsky's article states in this regard:
"During the Nazi occupation of Denmark in World War II, Bohr fled to Sweden and spent the last two years of the war in Great Britain and the United States. There he participated in the atomic energy project. It turns out that he was asked to cooperate with Nazi Germany in order to advance its nuclear program, but he preferred to run away and not provide the sensitive information."
The difference between the two quotes is clear. Mr. Blizovsky's article's consistent disregard of the Jewish origin of Niels Henrik David Bohr - here reaches its macabre peak.
By the way, Bor was called by his other name - David - after his grandfather, the Jewish father of his Jewish mother.
Atheists
All have names that are written in English.
Nobel Prize winners
Mistake.
exactly what I thought. I also suspect they are all physicists. I have no further explanation. :))
Ofer,
They are all Ashkenazim.
One of his sons even won a Nobel Prize.
Find the common denominator…
Albert Michelson (1907)
Gabriel Lippmann (1908)
Albert Einstein (1921)
Niels Bohr (1922)
James Franck (1925)
Otto Stern (1943)
Isidor Rabi (1944)
Wolfgang Pauli (1945)
Felix Bloch (1952)
Max Born (1954)
Igor Tamm (1958)
Ilya Frank (1958)
Emilio Segrè (1959)
Donald Glaser (1960)
Robert Hofstadter (1961)
Lev Landau (1962)
Eugene Wigner (1963)
Richard Feynman (1965)
Julian Schwinger (1965)
Hans Bethe (1967)
Murray Gell-Mann (1969)
Dennis Gabor (1971)
Leon Cooper (1972)
Brian Josephson (1973)
Ben Mottelson (1975)
Burton Richter (1976)
Arno Penzias (1978)
Sheldon Glashow (1979)
Steven Weinberg (1979)
Arthur Schawlow (1981)
K. Alexander Müller (1987)
Leon Lederman (1988)
Melvin Schwartz (1988)
Jack Steinberger (1988)
Jerome Friedman (1990)
Georges Charpak (1992)
Martin Perl (1995)
Frederick Reines (1995)
David Lee (1996)
Douglas Osheroff (1996)
Claude Cohen-Tannoudji (1997)
Zhores Alferov (2000)
Vitaly Ginzburg (2003)
Alexei Abrikosov (2003)
David Gross (2004)
H. David Politzer (2004)
Roy Glauber (2005)
Saul Perlmutter (2011)
Adam Riess (2011)
2012) Francois Englert?
It would be more correct to highlight and emphasize if a famous person with influence or contribution on a world level has no connection to Judaism.
It was appropriate and right to prominently mention the fact that Nils is considered a Jew according to our religion.
Israel
Indeed, there is indeed a bug in the link to "recent comments" in the right margins, a correction is desirable.
Until the correction, search the site for the page https://www.hayadan.org.il/site_map
And there look in the bottom margin for a link to "Recent Comments". The last link is correct.
Israel
Indeed, there is indeed a bug in the link to "recent comments" in the right margins, a correction is desirable.
Until the correction, search the site for the page https://www.hayadan.org.il/site_map
And there look in the bottom margin for a link to "Recent Comments". The last link is correct.
My father, I think it would have been nice if Bohr's (mother's) Jewish origin had been mentioned in the article.
Besides, when I try to enter "more comments" I get:
Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /home/hayadan/public_html/wp/wp-includes/query.php on line 2762
Warning: Cannot modify header information – headers already sent by (output started at /home/hayadan/public_html/wp/wp-includes/query.php:2762) in /home/hayadan/public_html/wp/wp-includes/pluggable. php on line 881
And that's on all computers, not just at home.