The hydrogen is produced by exposing clusters of aluminum atoms to water
Scientists from Penn State University and the University of Virginia have discovered a method to produce hydrogen by exposing clusters of aluminum atoms to water. These findings are important because they demonstrate that it is precisely the geometry of these clusters, and not their electronic properties alone, that affects the function of the exposed active sites in the clusters. These sites are of great importance in determining the activity with the water. The research team's findings were published in the January issue of the scientific journal Science.
"In our previous research it was suggested that the electronic properties control the behavior of these clusters, but this new study shows that it is precisely the spatial arrangement of the atoms within these clusters that allows them to break the water barrier," said A. Welford Castleman, professor of chemistry and physics at the university . "In principle, this knowledge may allow us to design innovative nanometer catalysts by changing the spatial arrangement of the atoms within the aggregate. The results could provide new avenues of research, not only for splitting water, but also for splitting the bonds of other compounds, in addition."
The research team examined the reactions of water with individual chemran aggregates by combining them together under controlled conditions in a flow-reactor specially designed for this purpose. They found that a water molecule will bind between two sites of chemran in aggregates only with one of these sites acting as a Lewis acid (a positively charged center that "prefers" to receive an electron) and the other as a Lewis base (a negatively charged center that "prefers" to give up an electron from it). The acid atom acting as a Lewis acid binds to the oxygen atom in the water molecule while the other type of acid atom, a Lewis base, separates one hydrogen atom from it. If this process occurs a second time with another system of two active hydrogen atoms and an atom of water, then two hydrogen atoms are obtained that can join together to form an atom of hydrogen gas - H2.
The team found that Hamran sabers react differently when exposed to water, depending on the size of the sabers and their particular spatial structure. Three types of accumulators will produce hydrogen from water at room temperature. "The ability to produce hydrogen at room temperature is important because it means that no investment of energy or heat is required to excite the reaction," said the researcher.
"Common methods for splitting water to produce hydrogen require a large amount of energy. However, with our method, it is possible to produce hydrogen without investing heat, connecting to a battery or another source of electricity. From the moment the fermentation tanks were prepared, they are able to produce hydrogen on demand without the need to store it."
The researcher hopes that the group's findings can provide a way to examine the ability to recycle these aggregates and the ability to control the exact conditions for releasing the hydrogen. "It seems that we can develop methods to remove the hydroxyl group that remains attached to the yeast clusters after the hydrogen is extracted so that they can be used again and again," he explains. The team plans to continue their research with the goal of improving their innovative method as much as possible.
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Don't get confused. The translation is not accurate. The hydrogen clusters contain energy and after the release of the hydrogen their energy potential is -0- therefore the whole move is expensive and not economical. In general, the efficiency of the process is low. The preparations require a lot of energy, so at the end of the process you get hydrogen but with low efficiency.
It is clear that there is no leading peripatome here, and not even anything close. The term electrolysis means electrical discharge (or connection) due to the fact that electrical energy is constantly invested and therefore it is not a machine that works "there is an ion"
In short, I also understand that there is no leading proptom here, so the article is lacking
Good night
Sabdarmish Yehuda
Yehuda:
This is not a leading perpetuum because the process converts chemical energy.
In the end - for the business to function, you need to bring oxygen and aluminum from somewhere and they carry with them the missing chemical energy.
If you connect your two comments you will be able to establish the connection between them.
Apparently - already separating the hydroxyl from the ferment will require a large part of the energy created (and certainly even more than the available energy created).
By the way, even reactions that take place at room temperature can receive energy (at least for action) from the environment (room temperature is not absolute zero), but I do not believe that a new cooling method was invented here.
The article just forgot to tell us that the energy is invested in the production of aluminum.
Yehuda is right, there is nothing.
The question is whether the method is ready for industrial application to produce hydrogen in commercial quantities?
For Judah, nothing is created out of nothing, the water molecules break down into the atoms they are composed of.
Simply, with this method you don't need energy except for the aluminum...
"The acid atom that behaves as a Lewis acid binds to the oxygen atom in the water molecule while the other type of acid atom, a Lewis base, separates one hydrogen atom from it. If this process occurs a second time with another system of two active acid atoms and a water molecule, then two hydrogen atoms are obtained that can combine together to form a mixture of hydrogen gas - H2."
The key sentence in this response is:-
"It seems that we can develop methods to remove the hydroxyl group that remains attached to the yeast clusters after the hydrogen is extracted so that they can be used over and over again," end quote.
In other words, for the time being they have no methods and meanwhile the production of hydrogen requires a lot of aluminum!
And besides, I don't understand the sentence:-
"The ability to produce hydrogen at room temperature is important because it means that no investment of energy or heat is required to excite the reaction," . End quote.
So how can it be that energy is not required to create the hydrogen, if so, we can burn the hydrogen created "for free" and get energy from nothing, and in addition, get free fresh water.
There is something wrong with the leading provider offered here.
Asking for an explanation
Good night
Sabdarmish Yehuda