The field of particle physics is about to enter an unknown field with the start-up of a new massive accelerator - the Large Hadron Collider LCH in Geneva this summer. On September 10, LHC scientists will attempt to transmit the first proton beam to be accelerated around the accelerator tunnel
The LHC should put to the test theories that are in debate between them, after providing a bonanza of experimental data in the coming years. The potential breakthrough may include an explanation of the factor that provides most of the mass in the universe. More exotic options include evidence of natural forces months or hidden dimensions in space and time.
Now it's final: the new particle accelerator is safe to use
"LHC is a discovery machine. We don't know what we found" says Avraham Zeidan, professor of physics and director of the Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics at the University of California, Santa Cruz. The institute is among the initial group of institutions leading the US participation in the LHC. Almost half of the experimental particle physicist community focuses their energy on the Atlas and CMS detectors, the two largest of four detectors scattered along the LHC tunnel. Researchers at the Santa Cruz Institute have been working on the Atlas project since 1994. This is one of many teams of physicists and astrophysicists from all over the world who have developed in Santa Cruz for 20 years controversial technologies for tracking high-energy subatomic particles.
The scale of the LHC is huge by any measure - its physical size, the energies it will achieve, and the amount of data it will produce, as well as the strength of the international cooperation involved in its design, construction and operation. In September, high-energy proton beams will begin circling a 27-kilometer-long tunnel located 100 meters below the surface at CERN - the European Laboratory for Particle Physics based in Geneva, Switzerland. After a period of experiments, the rays will cross paths inside the detectors and the first collisions will occur.
Even before raising the step to maximum energy at the beginning of 2009, the protons in the accelerator in Geneva were accelerated to higher energies than in any previous accelerator. The debris from these collisions – showers of subatomic particles that the detectors will track and record – will provide results that can radically change our understanding of the physical world.
In a lecture to the American Physical Society, Zeiden reviewed the LHC's research program, including an estimated timetable for reaching major milestones. One of the expected milestones is, for example, the discovery of the Higgs boson, a hypothetical particle that will fill the large space in the standard model of particle physics that provides mass to the elementary particles. According to Zeidan, it is likely that it will be discovered in 2010. But of course there is no guarantee that this particle actually exists or that nature may have found another way to create mass. "I hope we find something unexpected that works for the Higgs," Zeidan said.
From the technical point of view, the Higgs boson is an assumption designed to explain a property of interaction between particles known as electroweak symmetry breaking and that the LHC promises to explain the phenomenon, according to theoretical physicist Howard Huber. "We have been debating this for 30 years, and one way or another the LHC will tell us how the electroweak symmetry breaking phenomenon appears. It will be a fundamental advance," said Haber, a professor of physics at UCSC. Haber and other theorists spent years simulating the various versions of nature, and studied their implications, describing in detail what evidence we should look for in the data the LHC experiment would produce. Finding the Higgs boson will not be easy. The LHC will have to produce a considerable amount of these particles (if they exist), but most of them will not leave a noticeable mark on the detectors.
"This is a difficult game. It can only be performed through statistical analysis because there are other known processes that can mimic the Higgs boson signal," Haber said. The evidence may also support another important theory - which may even be discovered earlier. In many ways supersymmetry is a more interesting possibility than the Higgs boson, at least that's what theorist Michael Dean, professor of physics at UCSC, claims.
By itself, the Higgs boson is a rather enigmatic particle, so many versions have been created for certain kinds of new physics that lie beyond the Standard Model. Super Symmetry lined up nicely with everything we know so far, Dean said. In addition to the gravitational force it already has, supersymmetry predicts the presence of particles that could serve as good candidates for the assembly of dark matter. Astronomers have so far discovered dark matter through its gravitational influence on stars and galaxies, but they don't know what it is. Particles observed by super-resimetry that may belong to the dark matter will be detected by the LHC as early as 2009. Zaidan said. "Initially we will have to look for one of the things we know from the standard model to ensure that everything works properly. At the beginning of 2009 we can start looking for new things such as super symmetry. said
About 45 physicists from 25 research institutes from all over the world are involved in the massive Atlas detector, which is 2,000 meters long and 166 meters high. Zeidan's team and the institute he heads were responsible for developing the silicon sensors and the electronics for the sensor's internal detector, which measures the speed of the charged particles when they first arrive from the collision site (compared to the Israelis who actually partner with the muon detector - the last detector in the series).
Zeidan is now leading the American effort to develop a major upgrade to the Atlas. The current detector is planned to be used in its role for at least ten years, and the upgrade will be integrated with the planned increase in the intensity of the proton beams at the LHC, which will then become the Super LHC. "Big projects take a long time, so you have to start early," he added.
In the meantime, the operation and testing of the Atlas detector in its current features has already begun at Sarn, says Alexandre Grillo, a research physicist who has been working on the project since its inception.
"We started working and looking for cosmic ray particles" he said. "Nature provides us with these cosmic rays for free, and we will also be able to see them when the instruments are turned on, so they allow us to test certain aspects of the detector, but we are already excited and looking forward to seeing the results of collisions from the machine."
Atlas and the other LHC detectors are designed to operate using triggers - systems that instruct them to ignore most signals and record only the events that have some probability of producing interesting results. Out of the hundreds of millions of collisions that will occur every second in the detector, only the 100 most promising will be selected and recorded in the central computer system of the LHC. "We will have to throw away a huge amount of data, so we have to make sure that these triggers will work correctly," said Zeidan.
A visit to the accelerator and a conversation with the Israeli researchers
33 תגובות
This is what will happen in the end
These scientists are totally crazy
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BXzugu39pKM
Hahaha
I thought I was the only one in the world who was afraid of the experiment of this accelerator and hides that I am not
Read and understand what I'm talking about
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/main.jhtml?xml=/earth/2008/09/05/scilhc105.xml
Kobi, Jacob??
A warm brain will do no good at this moment.
For a nano-second comma of a cold and cold kindness, give yourself a chance.
to our cool,
road signs..
Shabbat Shalom.
Kobi, it's too bad for you now to write more messages regarding the accelerator. The following messages will be deleted without warning.
When you say something once filled, twice - let's say you didn't notice that they answered you but when you wrote it dozens of times and they answered you dozens of times but you don't get any explanation, then I'm sorry, the site is not designed to relieve this kind of tension.
Why aren't they stopped if it's dangerous to humanity?
And why aren't they talking about it on TV?
Yehuda??
It's interesting how many of the world's money copycats are flying to Switzerland these days..in order to try to save their money
From the Swiss "globulin bank"... in any case.. it is said,,, to be safe.
And now, my token has also decreased, perhaps due to a late ignition, why are the banks in Israel suddenly allowing themselves to raise the fees………………
I wonder where the Higgs boson of our site is hiding? Maybe he flew there to save the situation??
To dear Kobe
I just learned that the accelerator in Lucerne was made with funds from the Gulf Emirates and the main operator of the accelerator is Hajj Dr. Ahmed bin Yusuf, which sounds like a Muslim name to me.
This Dr. has a cousin named Abu Laden, who are a well-known Islamic family.
He also has a private pornographic website that he operates called: "The accelerator - the safe way to the seventy-two virgins".
But, apart from that, I don't see that you have any reason to worry.
Good Day
Sabdarmish Yehuda
Michael
It seems to me that we are walking on a common consciousness overlap, but each one comes from a slightly different angle
Different and complementary to everything, and it is the thing that allows everyone to contribute their special, or unique part
to the whole
Thanks for the link.^.^
=
Higgs
I relied on the time of his birth and death according to the link that was sent to me. I did not find it in the encyclopedias.
I was happy that Yael awakened him to my acquaintance-our acquaintance. He was both born and died in these days - September 1-8. 1588-1648. Do the math..
And in the end.. well.. the fatigue of the material...
A, Hugin and Higgs:
I have not responded until now because I enjoyed the discussion.
Anyway, here's a link that sheds some light on the subject.
Not everything here is easy to read, but everything is explained - including what supersymmetry is and what symmetry breaking is.
It may be a bit like the lawyer who went on leave and in his stupidity closed his staff when he brought some of the cases to an end, but surely there will be more to talk about 🙂
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetry_in_physics
Hugin
As far as Marsan is concerned, this is already implied in the scroll, as we know
"Mars Marsana - mechanized"
And what is your concern with 420 why not 410
Higgs
Sealed! And Sealed!
Hugin
Engrave this on the tablet of your heart
On Datfat you will be covered and all your preachers will be covered
Hugin
Bmattha please Bmattha Katilta
420?? I wonder, maybe 410?
However, the good stuff you take is good, its fragrance rises and curls
Laighs
I must remind you that your imagination is dark in the shadow of the light of my shining sun.
So, please don't let Hogar show off as a key...
And take care of yourself, from an unexpected discount.
Were you brought up to respond to the article about Marsan.. 420 years, these very days???
Why is the world silent if it is dangerous and may create a black hole, God forbid, not on us?
Can I please get an explanation
To my father Blizovsky
I am fascinated by the power of poetry and culinary!
In light of the opening data we see in the comments here, isn't it worth opening additional sections such as literary or gastronomic and maybe a few more?
Good day and with a smile
Sabdarmish Yehuda
To Mr. Dr
The rush from the search put your bow back in its scabbard hang on a sturdy nail
The serenades competition is suspended for now
Take your time and tune your strings to the proper tune before you start playing lest our ears drown
Higgs - silence is beautiful for a calf that bleats in the meadow just before it is gathered to its ancestors in the lightness of cream and basil that has been cooked all Shabbat.
Yes indeed the oracle in this was for humans, the simpletons and pullers of the socks - but could it be that all of this was for fun in her eyes? Or should I say - chick?
Hugin, I didn't know you because you were a woman, you touched my heart and not my heart.
Hugin
The oracle of Delphi has been retired for ages
So why does it seem to me that his death is heavy on you?
Your tongue indeed advises without real advice
Decorated with witnesses and loaded with ornaments
The meaning of things is dim as usual
What else is missing to light a tiny candle in a narrow box and flicker meaningful shadows on the corners of your cave
Higgs
Go for the combined tools rule at this point.
A full cup cannot be filled with more. It must reduce its weight.
go to the next step.
Hopefully at this point the "metaphor" is exhaustive, for your smiling question.
Why doesn't anyone stop them if it's dangerous for humanity?
And why is the world silent?
Hugin
I'm ready and you?
So please educate us because alone it will not work
Higgs
I am ready, and I hinted at it in connection with other articles as well. The question is if you are ready and ready
And maybe you'll understand later on your own.
Hugin, in fairness.
So what does the black hole accelerator have to say about us?
What a fear this is, I hope they are arrested
Hugin
If you understand what supersymmetry is, maybe you could explain how the symmetry is broken, in what way and according to what coefficients, I will thank you in advance.
And here is the answer to some Magibists on the site, who asked about the necessary difficulties:
Lamniv: Is that what you asked my father?
Higgs: For you I will quote from the article, "I hope we find something unexpected that does the job for Higgs"
What then is "super symmetry"?
all the parts-particles, in the right light. And of course it takes "time" - in the final calculation.
So let's see...
Hello smart universe..bye
If you're going to die then let it be in a black hole.
Not every planet gets such an honor.
Finally 🙂
Although can anyone say when the calibration will end and the test phase will really begin?
Will we all die on September 10?
that's scary
With all due respect, do any of them deeply understand the essence of symmetry.