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Assessment: Huge emissions of C02 from volcanic activity caused a mass extinction of species about 200 million years ago

New findings raise the possibility that the huge amount of carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere as a result of volcanic activity, probably at the base of the ancient Atlantic basin, had a direct effect on a radical change in the Earth's climate, its warming, and a drastic increase in the acidity of the oceans. The combination of these conditions led to the mass extinction of many species in the transition between the Triassic era and the Jurassic era (about 200 million years ago) - at least according to a new study published in the scientific journal Nature Communications

By Tal Cohen, Angle - news agency for science and the environment

An infographic illustrating the geological periods and the major extinctions in between. Illustration: shutterstock
An infographic illustrating the geological periods and the major extinctions in between. The transition between the Triassic era and the Jurassic era - second from the left. Illustration: shutterstock

New findings raise the possibility that the huge amount of carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere as a result of volcanic activity, probably at the base of the ancient Atlantic basin, had a direct effect on a radical change in the Earth's climate, its warming, and a drastic increase in the acidity of the oceans. The combination of these conditions led to the mass extinction of many species in the transition between the Triassic era and the Jurassic era (about 200 million years ago) - at least according to a new study published in the scientific journal Nature Communications.

In the prehistoric past of the Earth, there were five mega-extinctions of the fauna and flora and a large number of smaller extinctions (therefore, the mass extinction that is currently occurring in the world is called the sixth extinction and is for the first time in the history of the Earth completely man-made). Their scope, manner of occurrence, and their causes - have occupied researchers for many years. So far, possible causes of these extinctions have been identified: bursts of gamma radiation, meteor impacts, ice ages that brought with them a drastic drop in sea level, volcanic eruptions that flooded the surface with millions of cubic kilometers of boiling lava and toxic gases such as sulfur dioxide (SO2).

Volcanic cone at Kilauea volcano in Hawaii. Source: United States Geological Survey / GE Ulrich.
Volcanic cone at Kilauea volcano in Hawaii. Source: United States Geological Survey / GE Ulrich.

According to the geological theory accepted today, in the Triassic era all the continents that exist today were connected together to one ancient continent called Pangea. West Africa was connected to the Americas, which were connected in the north to the Eurasian bloc. A variety of creatures roamed the land, most of them amniotic reptiles (having amniotic fluid), which were adapted to the dry conditions that prevailed in vast areas in the interior of the continent that were desert due to the distance from the sea, and in the second half of the Triassic also ancient dinosaurs, which had not yet dominated the animal world. The sea spawns jets (such as octopuses and squids) as well as giant marine reptiles such as plesiosaurs.

At the end of the Triassic era and the beginning of the Jurassic era (about 200 million years ago), tremendous seismic activity in the CAMP (Central Atlantic Magmatic Province) region led to volcanic eruptions that started plate movements that separated the continents and the formation of the Atlantic Ocean.

Breakup of the supercontinent Pangea. Illustration: Image by Clker-Free-Vector-Images from Pixabay
Breakup of the supercontinent Pangea. Illustration: Image by Clker Free Vector Images from Pixabay

According to the new study, carbon dioxide bubbles found trapped within basaltic-trending rocks formed at the end of the Triassic testify to the terrible environmental damage caused by these volcanic eruptions. According to the new findings, the approximately 100,000 square kilometers of lava, which flowed over a period of approximately 500 years, released huge amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, causing an increase in temperatures, a rise in sea level and acidification of the oceans (an increase in the acidity of sea water). These in turn led to the extinction of tens of percent of the species that existed before the eruption - both on land and in the sea.

"This is an impressive and extensive work. Mineralogically, basaltic rocks have been sampled from dozens of sites on Earth. The researchers calculated that over a few hundred years, a very short time geologically speaking, huge amounts of carbon dioxide were emitted into the atmosphere," he says. Prof. Yoav Yair, Dean of the School of Sustainability at the Herzliya Interdisciplinary Center.

The researchers estimate that the amount of carbon dioxide emissions that were released into the atmosphere as a result of the volcanic activity is similar to the amount of carbon dioxide that humanity is expected to release into the atmosphere during the entire 21st century, and warn that if such causality did exist, we may face another man-made extinction in the era our.

"Even today, intense volcanic activity generates the emission of gases into the atmosphere - large volcanoes can, in a burst of intense activity of several weeks, emit an amount of carbon dioxide that is equal to all human activity in that year," adds Yair. "What is clear is that the new article greatly strengthens the climatic theory as the probable cause of the mass extinction."

for the scientific article

More of the topic in Hayadan:

5 תגובות

  1. We may indeed face another man-made extinction in our age.
    In the historical past, volcanic eruptions that flooded the surface with millions of cubic kilometers of boiling lava and toxic gases such as sulfur dioxide led to the extinction of many species.
    But what is interesting is not the reason for the extinction or those who were exterminated but rather who were the ones who survived!
    And what about today?
    Who will survive? What is it called to survive?
    Today - to survive is to continue life in a different "suit". In another way.
    We are all made of molecules. These are the same molecules we received from almost 5 billion years ago when stars were dying and supernovae scattered a host of elements into space, from the lightest to the heaviest.
    But we still haven't found out one thing.
    that our desire also has its own uniqueness that is also built from separates whose form is to accept themselves.
    Because before what is called the "big bang" there was no space and no time. Nor a desire to receive for himself but a light that canceled the tools. (There is a light and a vessel, meaning fulfillment and desire, acceptance and influence).
    And what is created is the desire to receive.
    Therefore, if we can change our desire and simulate it for influence (with our intentions)
    No matter what happens to the physical material, the same form that opens on top of the will (with our intentions) will remain for eternity.
    It remains for us to discover that the big bang did not happen randomly, but was sustained by a thought, the thought of creation that exists to this day.
    The hallucinatory?
    I agree with you.
    Could a new paradigm emerge that might change our previous perceptions?
    On this I can say that the very fact that the cornerstones of scientific research are rigid and systematic does not contradict the assumption that changing ourselves (those parts that make up our will) will be the same trigger for achieving new discoveries.
    Clip: What we haven't found out yet
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IaTdtogD0EU

  2. Moshe, turn on the spelling checker.
    The butt of a rifle. STAN This is some kind of rifle. Did you mean the rifle that was used in the war of liberation?? What is the connection?
    Or did you mean a satanic sect?
    And I assume you meant burning hairs?
    And what did you mean by the chemicals? that they put chemicals in the water and it affected your brain?
    It actually seems to me that you are performing excellently considering the circumstances.
    And I'm really curious to know what you wanted to say about vaccines and generation five. I couldn't understand what the connection is with the fact that they found the skull of a crocodile-like predator from Lemni 200 m.
    Please, write an explanatory response. Sincerely

  3. Liars! Kath Hasten under the auspices of science. Forests around the world that produce oxygen are also being destroyed because of this? Where did the identity invention come from? Who lived then and took measurements and recorded them?
    The world only lives thousands of years. Books can be written how many times science contradicts itself. Dangerous substances are put in the vegetables as well as in the water we drink. Why do you spray chemicals with airplanes in the air? The vaccines and g5 why?
    Equals and by force they will put equals in our brains why?
    Those who keep cash at home can go to jail. Why? The world is under the control of the Aluminatis

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