An interesting speculation, a proposal that NASA may not have to accept but there are several parties that have proposed it.
Planet Mars (Mars)
Main data:
Its red color comes from its rocks made of iron oxide
Rotation around its axis (day): 24 hours and 37 minutes
The circle around the sun (year): 687 days
Diameter: 6800 kilometers.
Mass: 0.11 that of Earth.
Terrain: Rocky: the deepest valley and the highest mountain in the solar system.
Gravity: 0.38 relative to that of the Earth.
Escape speed: 5 kilometers per second.
Atmosphere: 95% carbon dioxide, 2.7% nitrogen, 1.6% argon, 0.13% oxygen.
Atmospheric pressure: 1 divided by 150 of that of the pressure at Earth's sea level.
Temperature: between minus 130 and 17 degrees.
Moons: two small ones - Po Boss and Die Moss.
introduction
The idea of human colonies on Mars is gaining momentum. It is enough to enter the GOOGLE search engine
And we will search about :- human colonies in the caves of mars over ten thousand related will prove that there are many more who delve into this topic.
This article shows the advantages that the first settlers on Mars would have from living in caves.
In this article, the author expresses his opinion on how this should happen, although it is clear that there are thousands of other ways, some of which are certainly better.
Are there caves on Mars? Most likely yes, you just have to find them. Caves are supposed to be formed in two main ways:- water flow. and lava flow. These two ways probably existed on Mars.
Settlement in caves will help solve the main problems that will face the first Martian settlers. The cave is a huge structure that does not need to be built. It will immediately provide good protection against meteorites and other natural hazards on Mars. It will protect against the extreme temperature changes on Mars. With a little prep work, the cave will excellently provide the following:-
A. Air to breathe.
B. water
third. Food - from animals and plants.
d. energy
God. Protection against meteorites.
and. Protection against natural hazards.
the manner of execution
This will be done in several stages.
Level A. Research on Earth.
The research on Earth will have to examine all the issues that follow. An article by Avi Blizovsky, the scientist 22.12.2004 Green Mars - the NASA version shows some of the actions being taken in this direction. We will touch on different points of this study later.
stage B. Sending robots and supplies to Mars.
The cargo will include: fertilizers, various plant seeds, fish eggs, seafood, fertilized poultry eggs. Apart from this, a robot with means for sealing the cave, systems for utilizing solar energy, and air compressors.
The robots will perform the following steps which are:-
Step C. Searching for suitable caves on Mars.
They will send probes to Mars that will have to look for several suitable caves of different sizes, a volume of about 100,000 cubic meters is recommended. More or less the size of a football field. The caves must be near a water/ice source. A common hypothesis is that water may be found in the depths of the Martian soil, otherwise, we will have to do chemical reactions for the production of water, for example - to use a solution containing hydrogen, and carbon dioxide containing oxygen, to produce water by electrolysis or other methods.
The caves are supposed to be sealable so that the Martian air can be compressed into them.
The probe will check the cave and its suitability for living.
Please note:- Since the purpose of all the preparations will be to establish a habitat for plants and aquatic animals, special care must be taken in researching the sealing materials that cannot be harmed by the animals themselves, for example they will be "tasty" to the animals or vulnerable to various bacteria that may have survived the long journey to Mars.
Step D. Sealing and compression.
Once it is decided that a particular cave is suitable for living, it will be hermetically sealed. The sealing can be done with balloons made of a hard and flexible material that will be blown from the Martian air at the entrance of the cave, and seal it. The balloons used for braking in the Mars landing may be suitable for this.
In addition, it will be necessary to use a special foam that will be developed for this purpose, and will seal the cave completely.
When sealing the cave, care must be taken to create an opening that will allow safe entry into the cave without unnecessary leakage of precious air.
Now, the Martian air will be poured into the cave, with the help of small pumps (the ones that helped seal the cave). The pumps will work non-stop while utilizing the solar energy.
Every few days of compression. Take a break and check the tightness of the cave. If the cave is not leaking, the pumps will resume operation.
step e. Photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation to the soil. Edible plants.
At this point the cave will be heated. Solar energy will be used to light and heat the cave. When the cave is at a temperature of at least ten degrees Celsius, water with fertilizers will be poured into the cave, and the diverse vegetation will be seeded.
For the purpose of the process, you will do an operation of seeding the caves with grass and other vegetation for the process of photosynthesis and the binding of nitrogen to the Martian soil (with the help of Kitnia plants). Edible mushrooms will also be grown. Then vegetables, poultry and animal feed will be sown. All this will be done automatically and similar to automatic irrigation systems that exist on Earth.
It will also be necessary to grow vegetation that will psychologically support the Mars pioneers such as flowers and possibly also semi-medicinal plants that contain drugs.
The initial research on Earth will have to check the suitability of the plants for the special composition of the gases inside the cave.
It will also be necessary to test the resistance of the plants to low gravity, for this purpose we may have to build an "agricultural" laboratory on the moon, or conduct a seeding and growth experiment on the International Space Station, when the red gravity, 0.38 G will be obtained with a centripetal acceleration of rotation.
step f. large animals
When photosynthesis will be at its highest level, the cave air will be composed of the following gases:- oxygen, nitrogen, argon, a little hydrogen and a little carbon dioxide. The preferred ratio between the different gases, and the atmospheric pressure will be determined in laboratories on Earth. In this situation it will be possible to breed animals that will be of two types:
A. Fish and seafood grown in ponds from fertilized eggs imported from Earth.
B. Poultry that will also arrive as fertilized eggs and will be incubated in simple incubators. The chicks will have to be independent and this will require research into suitable poultry.
Step G. The operation of collecting energy for the purpose of returning to the earth.
The fuel that can be used to refuel the rockets for the flight back to Earth is hydrogen and liquid oxygen. Both of these are or can be done on Mars and will facilitate all spaceflight to the Red Planet, and back.
The result
At the end of about a year, there will be a number of sealed, illuminated caves on Mars, full of oxygen, argon, nitrogen and a little carbon dioxide. And in addition vegetables, spices, flowers, chickens, eggs. water fish mushrooms,
Potatoes, legumes and more.
Now a cave will be ready to receive the first Martian pioneers.
At this stage they will be able to reach Mars with the first mammalian Martian pioneers such as rabbits, goats and pigs.
The Mars pioneers will have only one safety job left to do, and that is to seal the cave in a safer way, and build them an apartment for living in the cave.
In conclusion
The advantages of the method are immediately visible. Instead of bringing all the food and oxygen required from the earth at its astronomical cost. After all, equipment weighing several hundreds of kilograms must be brought in for the development of each cave. All tasks can be solved.
The spacecraft that will reach Mars will be able to use the resources of Mars in a very short time in food, energy, water and oxygen for the purpose of returning to Earth.
The future immortals will be able to live in caves (on Space.com)
