Scientists were able to recreate in a particle accelerator the first millionths of a second after the Big Bang, and collect circumstantial evidence that during a series of experiments they conducted, new matter was created, which only existed close to the Big Bang
In a particle accelerator, scientists managed to recreate the first millionths of a second after the Big Bang, and to gather circumstantial evidence that during a series of experiments they conducted, new matter was created, which only existed close to the Big Bang - the massive explosion in which scientists believe the universe was created about 12 billion years ago.
The discovery may help to better understand the process of organizing the chaos that reigned near the big bang into the material that exists in the universe today. The series of experiments, conducted at the CERN particle accelerator in Geneva, began in 1994 and involves scientists from 25 countries, including a group of physicists from the Weizmann Institute.
September 2008 - Now it's final: the new particle accelerator is safe to use
The new material is considered to be the source of all matter in the universe, and the experiments in Geneva may help explain how the particles, their mass, and ultimately the entire universe were formed from this material, says Prof. Yitzhak Tsaroya, who heads the group of physicists from Israel.
The new material - or "quark-gluon plasma", as it is called scientifically - is a compressed gas, consisting of particles called quarks and gluons that float freely in it. In the normal state, the quarks are tightly connected to each other by the gluons. Together they make up larger particles, protons and neutrons, which are found in the atomic nuclei of all matter in the universe.
The quarks and gluons, today considered the building blocks of matter, floated freely in the plasma only in the first fractions of a second after the Big Bang. At that time there were no atoms or atomic nuclei in the universe, and in fact, the protons and neutrons had not yet been born either. Later, when the universe cooled a little and its density decreased, the quarks and gluons organized themselves in different combinations that created more complex particles, such as protons and neutrons. Since then, the quarks - and the gluons connecting them - have been trapped in them.
In the past, physicists have already discovered that, strangely enough, the strong force acting between quarks and gluons weakens when the quarks are close to each other and strengthens precisely when they move further apart. No matter how much they try to separate, they will remain connected, as if they were connected by a kind of spring or rubber band.
The scientists in Geneva tried to recreate the conditions that prevailed in the first fractions of a second of the Big Bang. For this purpose, they accelerated lead nuclei in the particle accelerator. The nuclei flew at a speed close to the speed of light and collided with each other, creating a heat approximately 100 thousand times higher than the temperature in the center of the sun and their density was 10 times greater than that of a normal atomic nucleus.
The new quark-gluon plasma existed for a very short time, so scientists could not get direct evidence of its existence. It cooled down in the blink of an eye, turning into thousands of particles in a normal state. Then, in a series of different experiments, the scientists collected data from seven particle detectors and examined the remnants of millions of collisions of lead nuclei to find out whether the plasma was indeed formed.
The results of the experiments matched the predictions. Thus, for example, in an experiment headed by Prof. Tsaroya, a large excess of electron and positron pairs was discovered (the positron is the antimatter of the electron) - far beyond what would have been created in a collision with normal matter.
One of the main points in the announcement of the discovery concerns an exciting prediction known as the "theory of quantum chromodynamics", which predicted the transition of matter from a normal state to the state of the quark-gluon plasma under extreme conditions of density and temperature.
Some claim that political considerations were involved in publishing the results of the experiments from the European accelerator on Thursday, and that they rushed to publish an interim summary of all the years of work, even though they do not constitute conclusive evidence of the existence of the quark-gluon plasma. This is to advance the publication of the results from a new American accelerator, whose experiments will begin soon, and which are expected to receive much better evidence for the existence of plasma.
Prof. Tsurya is now staying at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York, where the experiment is expected to begin in the spring in the new particle accelerator, where the nuclei of gold atoms will collide with each other, with an energy 10 times greater than that at CERN. In Brookhaven, the conditions will be much better, because the energy It is higher, the life time is longer and the density and temperature will also be higher", says Prof. Tsroya. Therefore, "we hope to see things much stronger and clearer than what we saw at CERN."
{by Tamara Traubman. appeared in Haaretz newspaper, 15/2/2000)
The knowledge website was until the end of 2002 part of the IOL portal from the Haaretz group.
Comments
I believe in God and believe that he is the one who created the world
But there is also something in the big bang
So let's try to solve it once and for all from now on - God created the world, and the creation process was the big bang
This is also a possibility.. so that you can stop racking your brains and think logically
One number 6 is a fool, read the Torah again from the creation of the world to today, 5000 or something has passed
It will never be a million. Believe in God because He created you and it's true that man takes a picture of God. There was no big bang, all that. It's just nonsense. It's like saying you're half ape and suddenly one domestication and oops, no tail. Right, number one, smart man.
Believe in a person! This is important.
Hugin:
I don't believe in God but I still believe in man and his ability to convince and understand.
As one who does not believe in God, you invested a lot of energy in your treatment of him..:)
Energy is not synonymous with God:
"God" is a word invented by religions and it describes a being with a desire to do things and the ability to do them.
This creature also wants all kinds of things from us and promises us all kinds of choppers if we keep his commandments and punishments if we don't.
Religious people have no way of knowing whether they have fulfilled his commandments or not except by checking whether they have been punished or rewarded.
There is no reason to give the word "God" any other meaning because it is only confusing.
Energy exists and God does not.
The Bible was written based on the stories and worldviews of writers in 2000 BC... our world has existed for 4.54 billion years. These stories were not written by God but by human beings like you and me. There is no reason to believe them. There is more than a story of creation. One in the Bible which contradicts other stories.
Energy is synonymous with God. Energy built the Olam, it always was and always will be, we are built from energy. Just like God, God built the Olam, he always was and always will be, we are the image of God.
So you can say that God is energy.. It's just that in the olden days they didn't know about energy.
God was already starting to worry but drew a lot of encouragement from responses 1 and 3.
He asked me to thank you from the bottom of my heart because he only exists in your fevered minds.
Her is God
The one... wants to know all its scattered particles.
The spirits? Maybe?
If you believe in him, why don't you accept everyone's intention to check the matter? Or maybe the Lord is there
Only in the first count? This is also a possibility. Everything is a supreme unity. Many Gods = 1 and 10 counts
In the infinite chain. Similar to the genetic code to its multiples.
You probably mean well.
I support number one God will decide what he will call and no scientist and there was no big bang was the creation of the world!!!!!!!!!!!
Hahahahaha obviously...if God existed then maybe XD
Everything is just nonsense, everything depends on God and it doesn't matter what they do, he will decide what to do