"Although we have endeavored to find pure primordial matter in the universe, we have so far failed. This is the first time we observe pure gas that is not contaminated by heavy elements from the stars," said the lead researcher in an article published in Science
For the first time, astronomers discovered clouds of primordial gas that formed in the first minutes after the big bang. The composition of the gas matches the theoretical predictions, and provides direct evidence supporting the modern cosmological explanation of the origins of the elements in the universe.
Only the light elements, mainly hydrogen and helium, were created in the Big Bang. Several hundred million years passed before clumps of this primordial became concentrated enough to form the first stars, where heavier elements formed. So far, astronomers have always discovered "metals" (their term for all elements heavier than hydrogen and helium) in everything they've looked at in the universe.
"Although we have endeavored to find pure primordial matter in the universe, we have so far failed. This is the first time we observe pure gas that is not contaminated by heavy elements from the stars," said Javier Prochaska, professor of astronomy and astrophysics at the University of California, Santa Cruz. Prochaska is a co-author of a study published in the Nov. 10 online version of the journal Science. The article is also co-authored by Michelle Fomagali, a PhD student at Santa Cruz and John O'Meara from St. Michael's College Vermont.
"The paucity of metals indicates that the gas is primary," Pomagali said. "This is very exciting because this is the first evidence that matches the composition of the primordial matter predicted by the Big Bang theory."
The researchers discovered two primordial gas clouds by analyzing the light from distant quasars, using the HIRES spectrometer at the Keck Observatory in Hawaii. By scattering the bright light coming from the quasar into a spectrum of other wavelengths, researchers can see which wavelengths have been absorbed by the material between the quasar and the telescope.
"We can see absorption lines in the spectrum where light is absorbed by gas, and this allows us to measure the composition of the gas," she said.
Each element has a unique fingerprint that appears as dark lines in the spectrum. Within the spectrum of the gas clouds, the researchers saw only hydrogen and deuterium (heavy hydrogen). But they did not discover helium, and despite the high sensitivity of the instruments, they also found no signs of the presence of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and other elements in the gas.
Until this observation, the lowest measurements of the distribution of metals in the universe showed about one-thousandth of the 'metallicity' of the Sun. People thought that this was the floor of metallicity, that less than a thousandth of the distribution of metals in the sun could not be found. This is because the metals produced in the galaxies were so widely dispersed throughout the universe. said Fomagli. "Therefore it was unexpected. The discovery challenges our ideas about the way the metals were dispersed from the stars that created them."
32 תגובות
Father C:
I understand a few things about the big bang but I'm not going to even begin to answer you.
I say "start" because obviously it will never end and you will always add another question.
After all, your intention is not to learn about the Big Bang, but to make room for the God of Gaps.
This is the natural refuge of the believers - they think that if there is something that science cannot explain, it is proof that this something can only be explained with God.
This is, of course, a stupid argument like no other.
I can guarantee you that at the end of the exhaustion process you will find something that science has not yet discovered (that is - assuming you understand what they will tell you by then - an assumption that is of course baseless, but we will make an assumption for you in this regard).
You probably regret that you live nowadays because five hundred years ago you could ask much simpler questions than the Big Bang question and get the answer "I don't know".
This is the nature of science: it progresses, discovers how things that the idiots attributed to God are carried out in the way of nature and through its laws, and allows God to turn to more important tasks.
Of course, those people who try to make science easy by using a question that has not yet been answered are constantly being ignored that if they were to put them to a similar test on the "God theory" they would not have any answer.
Not that it matters, because the God theory is really wrong, but it says something about the honesty of those trying to sell it.
A question for those in the know in the Big Bang.
Is the big bang a description of the creation of the world from nothing or who, because if from nothing then how was the world created from nothing? And if Mish then why does he need to be created if he already exists?
What does science say about the following question:
If there was material in the beginning, did it contain the whole world or only in a certain place?
Because if it contained the whole world, why was the big bang caused?
If it was only in a certain place then it was limited (the limits of the first elementary partial matter) then what was beyond that limit?
Thank you, the answers are very important to me
How did Yael, the wife of Hever Kini, hijack the discussion about the Genesis gas? An act that was like this was:
The whole story was written much later than the time described and was intended to encourage King Josiah to be decisive and determined and not to seek help from female prophets. In the story, Barak ben Avinaam conditions his going to war with the fact that the prophetess Deborah will join him. She tells him, "Okay, but you won't be proud of the way you are walking because God will sell Sisera by the hand of a woman." And see it's a miracle, the prophecy is coming true.
Huldah received Shlomons from the priests of Anat so that she would confirm in Josiah's ears that a new book found in the Temple is actually an authentic old book. Josiah is enthusiastic about the powers of Huldah the prophetess. Following the discovery of the book, Josiah is manipulated into launching a war of conquest in the territories of the former Kingdom of Israel. He hesitates and asks that Huldah the prophet accompany him. The priests are afraid of this connection, because they know who the rat really is. Just then, like a magic wand, the story of Barak, Deborah, Sisera and Yael appears in her library, and Yashyahu swallows the hint and realizes that in his upcoming journey to world fame he should give up Huldah's girlfriend.
I see it as perfectly forced. He asked for water, gave milk in a mighty cup, served butter, put her hand to the stake and her right hand to beat laborers (this is from memory) so what if she seduced Sisera and finished his form.
This is a warrior who used to receive a TLS in our days
Good night warriors
Sabdarmish Yehuda
And Yehuda another small correction. Yael, the wife of the Kenite friend, was not from Israel, but the mother of the Kenite friend. Except for one who lures a tired and probably wounded and scared defeated warrior into a tent and then sticks a stake in his head, I'm not sure that in his place I wouldn't call her a whore or a pubic or something even worse.
Indeed I was wrong, I was wrong because my mind was confused by this brave woman
apologetic
And for Israel Shapira, it was lucky that there were rabbis who knew how to include Jerusalem everywhere and thus we were privileged that the Song of Songs was also included in the canon because there, as we know, it is not about the love of a man for a woman, but rather the love of Jerusalem for... I forgot.
The main thing is that we have the Song of Songs!
(:))
Yehuda Sabdarmish
Judah, Aryeh.
I'm sorry to disappoint you. The original intention of the Ari disciples in the expression "woman of valor" was to praise the Shekinah, the God of Israel.
Rashi, Wilkot Shimoni, identifies "woman of valor" with the Torah.
Let's hope our privateer woman is not a merchant ship.
Sabdarmish - "A soldier's wife who finds and is far from pearls is her price" not her price but her mine - so it is written in Proverbs. And the interpretation - similar to what you wrote; Mine - the price at which it was sold, but of course her husband will not sell it because a. It is not possible and She is too dear to him (according to the scriptures) to sell her.
To Yehuda and the other surfers, it doesn't matter what you write about my religion, he is brainwashed and his opinion probably won't change, and maybe it can't change at all after years of being raised in a Torah tent.
Unfortunately, the religious is right in that they will be the majority here in probably two or three decades.
Already today, ultra-orthodox education is the fastest growing stream in the education system.
I'm especially sorry for my children who will have to deal with a society whose majority will be ultra-Orthodox.
I hope for my children that they will not live in Israel but acquire an education and a profession and move to enlightened countries where there are no religious wars and cultural wars.
After all, you only live once and you should live as well as possible - and unfortunately that is not in Israel.
To my religion
You have made the Torah a joke to dig in and you dig and dig, but know that you and your ilk only dig the way to hell
Where have you seen women in Israel who did not fight?, Yael the wife of Heber the Kenite, Deborah the prophetess who fought and also sang songs of battle and royalty?, and perhaps the woman who killed Abimelech?, are they all prostitutes?, are they all pubic?
Sinners and pedophile rabbis will give judgment in the court of Ma'ale, because all those who call God's creation pubic are primarily sinners!
A soldier's wife who will find her price far from pearls," said the king, wife, a soldier said, did you hear, soldier!, a military word!, with this the king described the virtuous wife!!, and you curse the enlisted women??, bitter be after you!!
From a religious mountain, run and return with a true answer, read the Torah without rabbinic Pharisees whose path is only to hell. Save your soul and go and learn all the "external" things because God knows that we have tasted from the tree of knowledge and knows that it is for His name's sake.
The rabbi who taught me what was necessary was a milkman and was not a parasite like you.
After all, it is said "by the sweat of your brow you shall eat bread" when you sweat for the sake of the bread which you and your peers receive for free.
And you are proud of it.
Just having kids you know
In David's lament, the tzaddik said: How heroes have fallen and weapons of war are lost"
Did you notice religiously?, he did not mourn the lost yeshiva students,
Keep evading and your judgment will be according to the evading tribe of Ephraim.
You are proud of your stupidity and despise creation, see you have been warned!, your place is only in hell!
Millions of religious yeshiva students and babies of Beit Raban perished in the holocaust because of people like you who cared about teaching false doctrine. And God will settle the account with you and those like you when you reach the court of heaven.
Why is your blood redder than mine? wretched!
Many of you who come to a higher court will be surprised and maybe God bless you will be considered. You will not be able to say that you are surprised because I am telling you, and when you say that you did not know, God bless you will call you a liar!!!!
Run, come back with a truthful answer, get your children out of schools that despise the wisdom of God/man, those who call themselves ultra-orthodox, but despise the one in whose image we were created,
It's not too late, and maybe you'll save your soul and the souls of those close to you.
And no, bitter be your responsibility.
Good Day
And may God be with you
Sabdarmish Yehuda
To my religion, when you are sick you go to the doctor or search in the Torah what potions and magics that have long been proven to be irrelevant, she suggests? How would you reach a life expectancy of 80 years without the nonsense of science (and not for nothing, it is even based on evolution RL)?
This will not happen to my religion, and if this is the end of the religion, there will be no one to provide for you!
BSD
To Yehuda - that's right, we don't learn calculus and other such nonsense, we only learn sacred things which are the most important things in the world!
Little by little we are becoming the majority and you should prepare for the fact that your children will soon learn holy things instead of the nonsense of science
Mikel
You send him to third grade but in his world third grade has a different meaning.
For him, the XNUMXrd grader is a few more chapters of the Torah, without arithmetic, without literature, and without nature lessons.
You didn't help him at all!
And the truth is, I don't know what can be done for him
Good night
Sabdarmish Yehuda
on Monday
Religious:
Do not answer the apprehensive because the question indicates that his misunderstanding (and it turns out yours too) is so great that it is difficult to know where to start explaining to him.
I would send the apprehensive person - in the absence of further information about him - to read the chapter on the Big Bang on Wikipedia.
I would send you - thanks to what you let us understand in your response - to the third grade first.
BSD
To fear: you are right - she was and was not created - everything is an invention of the scientists and therefore they did not answer your logical question either.
Only God has the solutions - read the Bible, study Kabbalah and get serious and correct answers to your question.
If I understood the original text correctly, it says there that the instrument they used is not sensitive to helium and that is why, in their opinion, they only detected hydrogen.
They think his instrument was sensitive to helium - they would have detected it in the gas as well.
The topic has already been updated in the Big Bang entry on Wikipedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang
There is also an answer to Eliasaf's question there.
Elisef, I think you're wrong, and that helium was formed spontaneously back then, even before the stars.
Two fatigue errors - wavelengths
Maybe an error?
In the article it is written: "Guests of all"...
Shouldn't there be: sound lengths?
To be afraid: please read the original in English, it will explain the matter to you, your question also popped up for me and I received an answer in the original in English.
I will try to write down an answer to your question, the big bang theory holds that during the period when the first galaxies were formed, they drew material from ancient (cold) gas clouds and therefore for a long time young galaxies and cold gas clouds lived side by side when trails of the latter provided a source of growth for the galaxies.
The researchers continue to investigate whether it is possible to discern a physical connection between the quasar and the gas clouds which would prove the theory beyond any doubt.
Lemati and other fans, dear ones, etc.
The name Sevdermish is pronounced sevdermish
Please do not distort!
Good Day
Sabdarmish Yehuda
correction:
The sentence: "Only the light elements, mainly hydrogen and helium, were created in the Big Bang" is incorrect.
According to the big bang theory, in the beginning there were only elementary particles, only after time (and cooling) they coalesced into hydrogen atoms that include one proton and one electron.
Helium started to form only in stars, that is, after there were stars, and only after that the other elements.
don't understand something:
There was a big bang, the matter in the universe was created and began to expand.
The light from the big bang and the events that followed it, moved at the speed of light and therefore "bypassed" the matter.
Therefore, how is it possible to observe the same light from the beginning of the universe if the light was supposed to have already passed us a long time ago???
And I didn't dare to ask... I would be happy to hear your last name
That I may know how to declare it properly…
your fan
when are
And we do love you Yehuda, regardless of the theories.
Stunning
In the previous response I forgot to ask: "Please respond gently", and now I'm eating her because of it!
So here I am asking now, and as they have already said, better late than even later!
and besides that,
Sabdarmish is a Turkish name that means "cause to be loved"
No relation to Hungary, although the Turks once ruled the region.
Good night
Sabdarmish Yehuda
For the first time, I understood roughly how to decide from an observation which foundations are involved.
>>>
And to Mr. Nan Ove, after all, in Hungarian, sevordermish is a type of fabric. Knitted but elastic. Many in Israel know Serigmish because of the store (the name comes from the same region in Hungary). Correspondingly, I have also known as a naksha (in a coat) which is similar to jeans and shinkel (the taste on the first syllable).
"Sebadramish"?, really?
One of the weird ones
They found a clean gas containing only hydrogen and helium and decided that this was proof that the gas was primordial.
Net original from the big bang.
but,
It seemed to me that before such a declaration they had to prove that such a "primordial" mixture could not have been formed by other cosmological processes.
But who am I because I'm not, if that's what they say then they must know
They will not receive a Nobel Prize for this
Good night
Sabdarmish Yehuda