Edward and her husband introduce the Millie stroller. According to them, the reproduction procedure is shorter and less complicated than that of Dolly, who gave birth this week for the third time
Archive: Published on 26.11.01
Scientists: We managed to breed 24 cloned cows
by Tamara Traubman
Genetics / Another achievement for those who claim that cloning does not create defective animals
Photo: ” ygolonhceT the cow Victoria and her cloned daughter, the cart Vicky. Likely
that the calves will behave normally
Scientists from the American biotechnology company "Cell Technology, "Advanced, which announced yesterday that it succeeded in cloning human fetal cells, claim that they succeeded in creating 24 cloned cows, and bringing them to adulthood while they are in a normal state of health. This statement challenges the prevailing position that cloned animals suffer from many genetic defects.
Cloning was done using the following method: fetal skin cells were inserted into cow eggs, from which they were removed
the genetic material. The eggs were used only as tumor cells, and the skin cells inserted into the contents
We directed the development of the embryos. A few days later, the eggs were implanted in Rahman's womb
Surrogate cows, and eventually cows were born that are a genetic copy of the embryos
from which the skin cells were taken.
Extensive tests have so far revealed that the animals cloned from adult cells have defects
different genetics. Even the first mammal cloned from an adult cell, Dolly the sheep, has defects
genetics that may cause her to age at a faster rate. So far flaws
These were not reflected. The Advanced Cell Technology company claims that
Cows may be healthy because cloning from embryonic cells does not create genetic defects.
Cells taken from embryos are considered easier to clone than cells that are harvested
Mature cows. But Dr. Robert Lanza, who headed the research that cloned 24
violations, he said that the clone hoaxers claim that it is dangerous in all its forms -
Whether using genetic material taken from a young cell, or whether using material
taken from an adult cell. According to him, although he opposes the use of cloning as a means of creation
An adult man, his findings show that the fear of cloning was exaggerated.
His claim is also supported by the pioneering studies of Dr. Steen Wildsen, who cloned in the years
Eighty more than 100 cows with the help of embryonic cells. According to him, he is not
He performed the same tests on them that Dr. Lanza performed now, but said that the cloned cows
Those who survived looked healthy.
However, scientists who did not participate in the study questioned the claims of Lanza and his colleagues,
As if cloning technology doesn't involve multiple dangers. According to critics,
The tests carried out cannot detect small defects, such as impaired function
The cognitive that can stand out only in cloned humans, not in animals.
The same researchers point to the fact that Advanced Cell Technology has created
Almost 500 cloned cow embryos, but only 30 of them survived the birth, and of those
Only 24 grew to adulthood.
The findings about the 24 cloned cows are to be published at the end of the month in writing
The scientific journal "Science" however the journal hastened to publish the findings in the edition
his internet, as Dr. Lanza and his colleagues will present the results of their research
This week at the conference of the National Academy of Sciences. Another American company, Infigen
She said that she would present similar findings at the conference.
Dr. Mark Westosin, a cloning researcher at the University of Texas, said in an interview
to the "Washington Post" that "the study showed the obvious: if the calves succeeded the
For the first few weeks of their lives, they are likely to look and behave normally.
The question is not whether cloned animals that reach adulthood are normal, the question is
What happens to those animals that do not survive, and how will those animals that suffered develop
from problems at the beginning of their lives".
Defects in cloned animals
Very high rate of fetal mortality
* Overgrowth
* respiratory distress
* Hypertension
* Genetic defects
* Deficiencies in the immune system
* Deficiencies in kidney function
Canadian scientists have succeeded in cloning a male calf
This is a record-breaking stallion that died about two years ago
By Haaretz service, 16/9/2000
Canadian scientists successfully cloned a male calf from the cells of the world-famous Starbuck-Holstein bull, which produced more than 200 offspring. Scientists from the Quebec Fertility Center and the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Montreal will officially announce on Wednesday the birth of the cloned calf, about ten days ago. "We have a new star," said Michael St. Pierre, director of the fertility center.
The stud bull "Starbuck", who died in 1998 at the age of 20, gained a lot of publicity in the agricultural community thanks to his strength, great energy and his wonderful legs. His frozen semen is sold in more than seven countries, and the descendants of the almost perfect bull continue to spread around the world, even after his death.
The cloned calf, known as Starbuck 2, was born on September 7, weighing 55 kilograms and in good condition. "He is a perfect copy of his father," said the proud father, Michael St. Pierre, adding "the critical stage is behind us and the calf is quite healthy."
The cloning of the calf, three years after the cloning of Dolly the sheep, worries the moralists. "There is undoubtedly a lot of commercial interest in animal cloning; People want the best animal they can get. On the other hand, we must maintain a certain level of diversity," said Margaret Somerville, a senior lecturer at the McGill Center for Moral Theory at the University of Montreal.
"If we become extreme and say that the whole world wants the same animal, then there is room for concern even in the field of agriculture. Cloning challenges the ecosystem, because the smaller the diversity, the greater the vulnerability. We have to be careful in our actions," Somerville added.
Scientists have succeeded in cloning a disease-resistant bull
News agencies
Scientists at Texas A&M University claim to have succeeded in cloning a disease-resistant bull. After examining hundreds of cattle since 1970, the researchers found a bull that is inherently resistant to diseases such as brucellosis - which causes abortions, harms fertility and reduces milk yield, as well as brucellosis and salmonella, bacterial infections that can also cause death in cattle.
In most parts of the United States, cattle are vaccinated against these diseases, but they still affect cattle worldwide and can infect local herds. The bull itself died under natural circumstances three years ago, but its DNA was used to clone a calf that is now a month old, said Diane Oswald, spokeswoman for the university's faculty of veterinary medicine. The scientists at the faculty intend to reveal the calf and discuss their findings at a press conference on Monday.
This is not the first time that researchers at A&M University have cloned a bull. In 1999, scientists revealed a cloned calf called Second Chance, whose DNA was taken from the skin cells of a 21-year-old bull named Chance.
One of the researchers participating in the project, Mark Westhusin, is involved in another project that costs 2.3 million dollars - an attempt to clone a dog for the first time in the world.
News agencies
IOL flashes
1/10/2000
Researchers at the University of Tennessee in the USA announced on Tuesday the birth of a cloned cow. According to them, the method they used is faster and less complicated than the cloned sheep, Dolly.
Investigators reported the brown-and-white tot, named Millie (short for Millennium), born Aug. 23, weighing 62 pounds. Millie is the third animal to be cloned from an adult cell in the US, but the first to be born using standard cell culture techniques. '96 the cow replication was led by Dr. Edward with her husband and colleague Dr. Neil Schrick.
Using ultrasound technology, the Tennessee researchers collected ovarian cells from a cow named Theresa. Edward extracted the DNA from another cow's egg, without the cytoplasm (cell fluid). She fused the cell she took from Teresa the cow to the remaining cytoplasm without the genetic material, using a method called electrofusion. The result was a cloned embryonic cell, which began to develop with nuclear DNA, all from the Theresa cow.
95 embryos were multiplied in the laboratory. In the end, the researchers reached nine pregnancies, and Millie, one of them, was born after 278 days. A normal pregnancy in a cow is 280 days.
Dolly gave birth for the third time
Whereas the sheep "Dolly", which was created in a cloning experiment in 1997, lives happily in Scotland and gave birth this year, for the third time in a row. This is what her "father", Professor Ian Wlimot, who headed the team of scientists at the Rosslyn Institute in Edinburgh, who cloned Dolly, said on Wednesday.
"Dolly feels good, the people who created her are the ones who live under pressure," noted Valimot. "She is three years old and looks like any other sheep her age. She returned and gave birth, for the third year in a row," he added. Wilmot spoke at a press conference in Rome, where he is participating in an international conference on transplants.
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