A new experiment, carried out using a particle accelerator, revealed new discoveries about the shape of the proton
Dr. Noah Brosh
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The protons - the heavy elementary particles, with the positive electrical charge - appear to us as tiny billiard balls. The experimental evidence for this is obtained in scattering experiments: the particle accelerators bombard targets with beams of high-energy protons, or alternatively: beams of other particles bombard targets rich in protons.
The test particles in the experiment just carried out in the USA were electrons, and the surprising result was this: apparently the shape of the proton is not spherical, but depends on the atomic nucleus in which the particle is found. The electrons are a suitable projectile for the study of the protons, because they are not
"Feel" the main force exerted by the protons.
In nature, as we know, 4 basic forces are recognized: the strong, electromagnetic, weak and gravity. In everyday life, only the electric electromagnetic force and the gravitational force are manifested, the strength of which decreases as a function
square of the distance between the bodies. The intensity of the other two forces, the strong and the weak, decreases by much more than a second power of the distance. For this reason, it is almost impossible to feel these two forces, beyond the radius of the single proton.
Since the electron does not feel the strong force, it is an excellent probe of the state of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus. In the experiment Q and the neutrons in the nucleus. In an experiment that lasted about 10 months at Jefferson Laboratories in the USA, targets rich in protons or helium nuclei consisting of two protons and two neutrons were bombarded. The shells were electrons, arranged so that their spins were aligned parallel (the particle's spin is similar to its self-rotation axis).
In the experiment, the dispersion of the directed electrons was measured, and it was found to be suitable for protons that are elliptical and not spherical in shape. One of the explanations offered following the results of the experiment was that movement
The quarks inside the particles are carried out at a speed close to the speed of light, and phenomena
which are explained according to the theory of relativity cause the distortion of the measured shape of the protons.
They knew high mathematics and physics
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