The Hubble Space Telescope photographed a bright knot of gas hit by an invisible jet from the black hole, which is only 15 light years away. The black hole must have looked bright billions of years ago as a quasar, when our young galaxy was fed by lots of infalling gas. But after all this time the black hole is acting sporadically, unwilling to take a nap
It is a complex picture of X-rays, molecular gas and hot ionized gas near the center of the galaxy. The orange shapes are glowing hydrogen gas. One of these shapes, at the upper end of the jet (see an illuminated image below) is interpreted as a hydrogen cloud that was hit by the jet and moved outward. The jet disperses the cloud into tendrils that move towards the north. Further down near the black hole are X-ray observations of highly heated gas in blue and molecular gas in green. These data are evidence that the black hole is occasionally accreted by stars or gas clouds, and is ejecting some of the very hot material along its axis of rotation. Credit: NASA, ESA, and Gerald Cecil (UNC-Chapel Hill); Image Processing: Joseph DePasquale (STScI)
There are science fiction movies where a dormant monster, such as Godzilla, suddenly wakes up and goes on a rampage. Our Milky Way Galaxy was once thought to have a dormant monster at its core, a black hole that weighs four million times the mass of our Sun. But there is growing evidence that the black hole occasionally wakes up and swallows an unfortunate star or cloud of gas that falls into it. After that, "death rays" of radiation and particles that move at a speed close to the speed of light are emitted from around the black hole. The largest recorded eruption was two million years ago. This is clearly seen in large, hourglass-shaped jets of plasma that extend well above and below the plane of our galaxy. Bipolar shock waves from the black hole explosion heated the gas outside the galactic plane and it glowed in gamma rays and X-rays.
The Hubble Space Telescope has found circumstantial evidence that the black hole is still sizzling long after the initial outburst. The study by the Hubble astronomers is reminiscent of an archaeological dig in an attempt to peer through the interstellar pollution of thick sheets of dust and gas between Earth and the center of the galaxy, 27,000 light-years away from us. Hubble photographed a bright knot of gas that was hit by an invisible jet from the black hole, which is only 15 light years away. The black hole must have looked bright billions of years ago as a quasar, when our young galaxy was fed by lots of infalling gas. But after all this time the black hole acts sporadically, unwilling to take a nap as long as there are snacks around
In 2013, evidence for a short, thick southern jet near the black hole was obtained from X-rays detected by Chandra and radio waves detected by the VLA Janesky telescope in Socorro, New Mexico. This jet also appears to start as gas near the black hole.
More of the topic in Hayadan:
4 תגובות
Blessed be his nerve who proved experimentally that pi is the same in every circuit in the field of measurement error.
Applause to annoy!
And the one who begins a mitzvah, is said to be finished. Blessed be the scientist, and his work will be recorded in the history of science.
New mathematics comes to the exact sciences and its Hebrew name is as gifts. She counts with numbers, and measures with numbers.
Counting deals with "the smallest discrete quantities" such as books, chairs, trees, cars, heartbeats, and so on.
A tree is the "smallest discrete quantity" there is no half tree.
This book is "the smallest discrete quantity" there is no third of a book and no quarter of a book.
An airplane is the smallest discrete quantity, and also a rock, also a cloud, and also a fork.
The act of counting "smallest discrete quantities" is simple and known to everyone, one 1, two 2, three 3, four 4, and so on.
In practical life you have to count "many things that are the smallest discrete quantities" and the act of counting is always accurate.
After counting comes the act of measuring, and it is always imprecise.
In the measurement operation, continuous quantities are measured, such as length, weight and time.
A continuous quantity already has half the quantity, a third, a quarter of the quantity, a fifth of the quantity,
The sixth of the amount, the seventh of the amount, the eighth of the amount, and so on….. endlessly
The measurement of a continuous quantity is a practical operation that requires a measuring device.
To measure the length of a pencil you need to use a ruler.
A measurement result will always be imprecise, and it cannot be expressed with a single number, but with two numbers close to each other. The closer the two numbers are to each other, the more accurate the measurement.
The registration of two numbers that are close to each other will be called a numerator.
This entry (7) 176 mm is from a pencil, which contains two numbers resulting from measuring the length of a pencil.
The small number is on the left side of the brackets and is 176 mm,
The large number is obtained by replacing the last digit of the small number with the digit inside the brackets.
The number (7) 176 mm means that the length of the pencil is between 176 and 177 mm
A measurement result will always be with a number, and not with a single number. The closer the two numbers of the numerator are to each other, the more accurate the measurement.
The result of a single number exists only in counting the smallest discrete quantities.
And to sum up: with counting numbers, and with measuring numbers.
The measurement requires knowing the agreed standards of length, weight, and time.
The measure of length is cm, and it appears in the thickness of 100 A4 pages
The yardstick of weight is kg, which appears in an iron cube with a side length of 5 cm
The measure of time is "a second" and it appears roughly between two heartbeats.
In organized society the standards of continuous quantities are preserved in a science museum, and visitors can see them, feel them, and thus know them.
After visiting the museum, you understand that numbers and numerators have a simple function that should represent two types of quantities: discrete quantities, or continuous quantities.
Therefore, the proper name for those who deal with numbers and numerologists is - Kematani
Similar to farmers and their profession is agriculture,
and in analogy to carpenters and the name of their profession is carpentry,
We will receive as gifts, and the name of their profession as gifts.
The Kametani are practical people who count the smallest discrete quantities that appear in reality, and they also measure continuous quantities of length, weight, and time with the help of measuring devices.
They display the measurement results with calculators.
There is a special group of people who deal only with numbers.
This group chose for its people the strange name mathematicians, when the name of their profession is mathematics.
Who are those who call themselves the strange name of mathematicians?
It is very difficult to answer this question, but we can say that this is a group of people who like to investigate numbers just like that, because it interests them.
Mathematicians deal with the numbers as if they have deep and hidden miraculous secrets, and therefore they need to be investigated.
Mathematicians also come up with strange questions - which have no relation to practical life (such as whether there is an end to prime numbers), and then they try to answer the questions they themselves asked.
And since they are trying to answer the questions they asked themselves, they also have to prove to themselves that the answer they gave themselves is correct.
Mathematicians love perfect precision, and they greatly appreciate the act of counting precisely one, two, three, four, ……and so on endlessly.
Mathematicians work with precise definitions, and perfect logic, and this is how they investigate the mysteries of numbers, and try to crack their secret.
And the whites are the exact opposite of the mathematicians.
The Kathmen think that there is no miraculous secret in the numbers, and there is no need to waste time and research them. The Kematians think that numbers have a very simple function, and that is to represent quantities. The mathematicians also know that the numbers represent very precisely the smallest discrete quantities, but representing a continuous quantity is not possible with a number, and it needed a numerator.
And the mathematicians will continue to be the opposite of the mathematicians.
It is true that they count the "smallest discrete quantities", but they will never use measuring devices for continuous quantities, and of course they will not use a counter. Mathematicians rule out the use of measuring devices in advance, because this use is necessarily inaccurate.
The disqualification of the measuring instruments of the Kathmanites obliged the mathematicians
introduce their own way of handling continuous quantities.
Indeed, they presented a special and surprising way to handle continuous length quantities that appear in the geometric field, without using a length measuring device at all.
Amazingly, the way of the mathematicians was successful.
The mathematicians used the Pythagorean theorem, and they managed to "measure" the length of the diagonal of a square, whose side length is 1. This was not a measurement with a measuring device, but with a sophisticated mathematical method that works on straight line segments, and it produced the result of a number that has no end, which is written like this... 1.41421
The result of ...1.41421 should be understood as follows:
If the length of the side of the square is represented by 1, then the length of the diagonal of the square will be represented by...1.41421
It should be emphasized that if the mathematicians were to measure the length of the diagonal of a square - whose side is 1 meter long, the result would hardly be 1.414 meters, while according to the mathematicians' method the result is much more accurate and is... 1.41421 meters.
Following the success in the geometric field, the mathematicians were greatly appreciated, and they became the only people qualified to handle Euclidean geometry, which was always considered an ideal, exact and perfect science.
Mathematics became the queen of the exact sciences, and the language of mathematics became the language of science in all its shades.
The status of mathematics has become so important in recent years that research that does not use the language of mathematics is considered non-serious research.
But like in a Greek tragedy, everything suddenly turned upside down.
The sophisticated mathematical method that arrived at the number...1.41421 was discovered by Asbar as a measurement in the imagination with the help of tiny squares (ribuzim), therefore it is possible to represent the length of the diagonal of the square with the number (2) 1.41421
Of course, the mathematicians did not agree to accept the idea that their mathematical method is similar to a measurement with an imprecise result of a calculator, so they
They did not agree to use the number (2) 1.41421
The first failure of mathematics in the geometric field is the neglect
From the identification of the activity of mathematics in the geometric field, as a measurement carried out in the imagination, when the yardstick is a tiny square. (Rivoz XNUMX)
After the first failure, a truly disgraceful failure appeared.
The disgraceful failure of the mathematicians in the geometric field occurred, when they determined "that a tiny segment of a circular line whose length tends to zero" looks exactly like "a tiny segment of a straight line whose length tends to zero".
The disgraceful failure of the mathematicians was tantamount to disaster, delaying the development of geometry for 2000 years. The mathematicians did not at all feel the disaster that they overshadowed the development of geometry, and they were sure that they actually brought a flourish to geometry.
But the disgraceful failure of the mathematicians froze geometry,
And it remained as it was 2000 years ago.
Only in 2017 - following a precise measurement that appeared in the scope experiment, the gate was opened to the discoveries that had been waiting patiently for 2000 years.
In this year, a new geometry was discovered, and it is the geometry of closed circular lines. After her, the geometry of combined lines was discovered.
The new geometries belong to the experts who also deal with measurements.
Mathematics is left with only the geometry of the straight line, based on the Pythagorean theorem, and has the possibility of using numerals.
From now on there are 3 types of geometry.
of the straight line, of closed circular lines, and of combined lines.
From now on, geometry is the queen of the exact sciences, and mathematics remains
Just count, one, two, three, four,,,,,, and so on endlessly
The quick counting operation was taken over by the computers, the activity in the geometric field was taken over by the mathematicians, and the mathematicians will continue
Explore the numbers in hopes of finding something interesting.
The details of this story are found in 5 files and in the video of the scope experiment.
A. Asbar
Many thanks to Iden for agreeing to provide a platform for information that will benefit every math student in the world.
Mathematics is a theoretical science made up of words and numbers, and the degree of reliability of such a science is very low.
Fake news exists in every human society, and also among the human society that deals with theoretical science and practical science.
Theoretical science is built from words that are theory, and there are no actions in it.
Practical science is built from words that are theory, but it has actions.
The physicists are engaged in practical science and they found the way to "dismiss false news"
Physicists always put their ideas to the test of practical experiment. held in natural physical reality.
An innovative practical experiment can invalidate a physical theory that has been accepted for many years, and in its place will come without hesitation a new theory.
Therefore, it is no wonder that physics as a practical science is constantly changing, and following the changes it improves in understanding reality, and reaches wonderful practical achievements, which are currently on the border of science fiction.
On the other hand, mathematics is a theoretical science made up of words and numbers, and there are no actions in it. Mathematicians are not used to putting their ideas to the practical experimental test, and they are content with their own logic test.
The mathematicians followed the path of pure reason and pure logic from the beginning, because they believed that reason and pure logic would lead them to the truth.
But reason and pure logic are just words, and they only build a theory.
It must be emphasized that the mathematicians determined by themselves what is pure logic and what is pure reason, and therefore they presented mathematics as a logical conceptual structure in which there are no mistakes, and it is impossible for there to be any mistakes.
The mathematical practice never developed a natural review mechanism that exists in reality on its own, and mathematics checked itself, solely on its own.
Therefore, a possibility was inevitably created here, that mathematical falsehoods would nest within mathematics for hundreds of years, and there would be no way to get rid of them.
And why won't it be possible to eliminate? Because mathematics has already established in advance "that it is itself a conceptual structure that does not contain errors, and it is impossible for there to be errors"
This is how all the conditions were created, for false news to nest within mathematics, perhaps forever.
And the inevitable conclusion is this:
Mathematics is a theoretical science made up of words and numbers, and the degree of reliability of such a science is very low.
A short list of false information nested within the mathematics operating in the geometric field.
There is a mathematical falsehood since the time of Archimedes, which states that a single number whose value is 3.14 is what allows the transition between the diameter of any circle (small or large) to the length of its circumference.
This false knowledge can be removed from mathematics, only in the way of the physicists, that is, in the way of an actual practical experiment.
Such a way is immediately rejected by the mathematicians, because they determined that only by the way of reason and logic it is possible to talk with them.
But in the way of reason and logic, the mathematicians have already established that there are no mistakes in mathematics, therefore there is no point and no need to propose a practical experiment, which should reveal that there is false knowledge, within mathematics.
Therefore, mathematics itself prevents any possibility of removing false knowledge from it.
Mathematics also worked in the geometric field of curved lines with the help of Newton and Leibniz's calculus, and this activity also contains false information.
The field of mathematics in which there is no false information is the field where one, two, three, and so on are counted.
This is exactly the field where the computers capable of counting quickly operate.
A. Asbar
And what about the black hole of mathematics studies?
This poem describes the illogical mathematics that has been operating in this geometric field for 2000 years, and is taught in schools.
Hating math is a natural reaction to such study, and no wonder it develops into math anxiety that requires psychological treatment.
My hope is that those in charge of mathematics studies in the Ministry of Education will abolish the illogical mathematics operating in the geometric field, and the gate will be opened to the studies of mathematics that are suitable for human nature.
A happy song (Hadu'a) and actually it is a sad song.
Who here counts and who counts
Descartes René came running
There is no more line and no shape
It's really a bunch of trouble
I think I exist
And the truth drowned in the sea.
oh my oh my what happened to me
The mess is really total
Ini - Finnish - Tsi - Malian
differential and integral
There is no refuge and no escape
around a calculus bracket
The border escaped a derivative jump
I didn't understand, what do you mean?
Tori infinity on the ladder
Gather here, everyone
Pushed in a foam
They are looking for the sequence
and such delicate tangents
Looking for circles
You will follow the deep path
of the launch point
And the function moves and twists
Waiting for a slightly different analysis.
Archimedes set the tone here
And after him also came Newton
And who is on the horizon there peeking
Maybe maybe it's Leibniz too
The history trail has already been deployed
Here walks Pythagoras
oh my oh my what happened to me
The mess is really total
Ini - Finnish - Tsi - Malian
differential and integral
There is no refuge and no escape
around a calculus bracket
A. Asbar