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After a three-year absence, China will return to space this year with a new station

China's official news agency Xinhua announced on Sunday that in the third quarter of 2016, China will launch its second space station, Tiangong 2. After it is launched into low Earth orbit, it will also launch two Techonauts, after three years in which China has not sent a human into space.

The simulation of the previous space station, Tiangong 1 (right vehicle), which will be very similar to the new space station, docks with the Shenzhou spacecraft (left vehicle), which carries the Techonauts. Source: China Manned Space Engineering Office.
The simulation of the previous space station, Tiangong 1 (right vehicle), which will be very similar to the new space station, docks with the Shenzhou spacecraft (left vehicle), which carries the Techonauts. Source: China Manned Space Engineering Office.

China's official news agency Xinhua announced on Sunday that in the third quarter of 2016, China will launch its second space station, Tiangong 2. After it is launched into low Earth orbit, it will also launch two taikonauts, after three years in which China has not launched a human into space.

 

According to the report, the Tiangong 2 space station, which will be launched on a Chinese Long March 2F launcher, will dock later this year with the Shenzhou 11 spacecraft, which will carry the Technauts team to the station. In doing so, China will return to space after three years in which it has not launched any manned crew into space, with the last launch being of a crew Shenzhou 10 In June 2013, who stayed at the previous Tiangong 1 space station. It is worth noting, however, that China continued to operate in the fields of unmanned space, such as the rover.Utah” which landed in 2013 on the moon. The agency's announcement stated that only two crew members would be launched, while previous manned missions had three crew members.

In addition to the launch of the Techonauts to the station, the report of the Xinhua agency stated that in the first half of 2017, a first-of-its-kind cargo spacecraft named Tianju ("heavenly vessel" in Chinese) will be launched to the new station. Such a cargo spacecraft will test techniques such as transferring cargo to the station and refueling in space. These techniques will be critical in more advanced missions in the future. The new cargo spacecraft will be launched on a new model of the Chinese Long March launcher, of the Long March-7 type, which will be able to carry up to 13.5 tons to low-earth orbit.

Tiangong 2 is an experimental station, apparently, according to Reporting by Maurice Jones For the Space Daily site, will only be used for one manned mission. This mission will likely be short-lived, but still longer than the two previous Chinese missions to China's previous space station, Tiangong 1, which lasted about two weeks each. Although improvements have been made in Tiangong 2 compared to the previous station, such as a renewable life support system, which can replenish the station's oxygen supply, only one docking system will be installed. Due to this, the Shenzhou manned spacecraft will not be able to dock at the station at the same time as the cargo spacecraft, and it will not be possible to transfer equipment and supplies for a long-term stay of the Techonauts. You may have reduced the number of staff from three to two Connected to try to extend the duration of the task.

In a few years, China plans to launch a more advanced space station that will be permanently manned. The station will weigh about 60 tons and will consist of three modules that will be launched separately. In 66th International Astronautical Conference, held last October in Jerusalem, the chief designer of the Chinese space program, Zhou Jianping, called for an international partnership with Russia and the countries of the European Union in building the station. He noted that the base unit of the station will be launched in 2018, and that it is expected to reach full operation around 2022.

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