oxygen

Delicate microfossils do not preserve well when exposed to the surface, but they can be preserved in deeper rock layers. Credit: UC Santa Barbara

The first complex life clung to oxygen-rich seabeds for hundreds of millions of years

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A study in Nature reveals that the earliest eukaryotes known to science lived primarily on or in the seabed, in environments where there was oxygen, and not in the water column as previously thought.
Cosmic rays are composed mainly of protons, but also of helium, carbon, oxygen, and iron nuclei. Credit: Chinese Academy of Science

After a century, scientists discover a hidden rule governing cosmic rays

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A long-standing cosmic mystery is beginning to yield new clues as researchers discover a strikingly consistent pattern in the behavior of high-energy particles moving through the universe.
Artist's impression of the planet Kepler-168b in a habitable, rocky, potentially habitable zone. Credit: NASA Ames/NASA/JPL–Caltech/Tim Pyle (Caltech)

The nearest extraterrestrial civilization may be 33 light years away

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New study suggests intelligent life is rare for the Milky Way – and if another civilization exists, it is much older than us
This is how the bloom collapses: four giant hexagon-shaped viruses that have replicated in a unicellular alga (the rough texture on the right) are on their way out to infect more algae. Three of the viruses are normal and ready for action - and one is white and empty of DNA. Photo: Dr. Daniela Shatz

The hunt for giant viruses in the ocean

Red worms dig in the compost. Even the worms that exist today mix substances. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Worms - uncredited heroes of evolution

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The researchers examined the relationship between sediment mixing caused, in part, by burrowing worms with a mineral called pyrite, which plays a key role in oxygen accumulation. As more pyrite is formed and buried under the mud, sand or
The Cambrian Bang. Illustration: depositphotos.com

New findings regarding the connection between the increase of oxygen in the atmosphere and the development of complex life

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Hebrew University researchers have revealed new findings regarding the connection between the increase in oxygen in the atmosphere and oceans on Earth, and the development of complex life. The study indicates that the rise of oxygen occurred after the development of life
This illustration shows charged particles from Jupiter hitting the face of Europa, separating icy water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen molecules. The scientists believe that some of these newly formed oxygen gases can move into the moon's subsurface ocean, as the circled figure shows. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/SWRI/PU

Will the moon Europa return? The Juno spacecraft discovered oxygen on Jupiter's moon

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NASA's Juno spacecraft directly measured charged molecules of oxygen and hydrogen from the atmosphere of Europa, one of Jupiter's largest moons. According to new research by scientists at SwRI and Princeton, these observations provided
The Indian lander Vircam as photographed from the Paragain robotic vehicle. Photo by the Indian Space Agency ISRO

Surprising presence of sulfur in the soil of the South Pole of the Moon by the Indian robotic vehicle Paragain in the Chandrayaan-3 mission

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The vehicle discovered a wide variety of heavy elements, but this is the first evidence of the presence of sulfur * The rover will tour the south pole of the moon for two weeks and look for signs of water ice
The oxygen revolution left its geochemical record in the iron deposits in the earth's mantle and rocks

The oxygen before the oxygen revolution

By tracing the evolution of proteins, Weizmann Institute of Science scientists have charted the history of oxygen availability on Earth and solved a long-standing scientific puzzle
Imaging the supernova explosions of the first giant stars to form in the Milky Way. The star J0815 + 4729 formed from the material ejected by these first supernovae. Photo courtesy of Gabriel Perez, SMM (IAC).

Astronomers have detected amounts of oxygen in the atmosphere of an ancient star

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Figure 2 The oxygen-sensing mechanism for which this year's Nobel Prize laureates were awarded is of fundamental importance in physiology, for example, for our metabolism and immune system and for our ability to exercise at varying levels of stress. Many pathological processes are also affected by this mechanism. Many researchers are currently focusing on developing new drugs that can inhibit or activate the oxygen-sensing mechanism, with the aim of improving treatments for anemia, cancer and other diseases. Figure: Nobel Prize Committee in Physiology or Medicine

Three researchers who studied how cells sense oxygen levels have won the 2019 Nobel Prize in Medicine

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On the left: a cancerous tumor under a microscope: the infiltration of normal T cells (purple) into the tumor tissue is not different from that of T cells that were grown under conditions of oxygen deficiency (green). Right: The amount of the enzyme "granzyme B" (red), which kills cancer cells, is much greater in T cells grown in a low-oxygen environment (top) compared to normal T cells (bottom). Source: Weizmann Institute magazine.

Combat fitness for cells

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OCCO - simple formula, important molecule (Photo: John de Dios/UANews

An elusive molecule has finally been discovered

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water molecule. Illustration: shutterstock

Researchers managed to split a water molecule with the help of light and nanoparticles

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Ancient soils in South Africa containing layers billions of years old. Courtesy of researchers from the University of Copenhagen and the University of British Columbia.

Oxygen appeared in the atmosphere up to 700 million years earlier than we previously thought

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A girl with CF is assisted by respiratory systems. From Wikipedia

Foam restores breath / Kathryn Harmon

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Joseph Priestley, from the Portrait Museum in London. Image whose copyright has expired

The worship of God through popular science - on Joseph Priestley and the birth of the United States

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Orion Nebula and oxygen molecules following the discovery of these molecules in the areas where stars are formed in the Orion Nebula by the Herschel Space Telescope Image: NASA

The Herschel telescope detected oxygen molecules in space

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Blue and orange glow in response to purple lighting

A new family of light-emitting materials

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Trichoplax adhaerens - a five-celled amoeba-like creature. Similar to humans in sensing oxygen. Public relations photo Original image of Trichoplax adhaerens. Copyright: Karolin von der Chevallerie, University of Hannover

The increase in oxygen levels led to the evolution of animals 550 million years ago

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A Tibetan village in the Himalayas. Painting: Nicholas Roerich

The power of evolution: an old-new race of humans in the mountains of Tibet?

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A four-legged robot learned to change its movement style to traverse a forest and jump over obstacles

Can physics teachers really be boring to death?

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A four-legged robot learned to change its movement style to traverse a forest and jump over obstacles

A new method for splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen

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A four-legged robot learned to change its movement style to traverse a forest and jump over obstacles

"How come the dinosaur is so big?"

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