gene editing

Mysterious radio signals are returning from space – and one star system may explain their origin

America in a Test Tube 7: Who decides what scientists are allowed to do?

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In 1976, Cambridge residents demanded a say in whether to allow recombinant DNA research in their city. The confrontation between researchers and the public gave rise to a citizen oversight committee and helped shape a model in which innovation, safety, and democracy need not be at odds.
A historical illustration divided into three parts: a research laboratory from the Manhattan Project era; a pecan branch and agricultural fields representing the knowledge of enslaved people; and medical and legal documents from the era of American eugenics. The illustration does not depict violence or casualties, but the institutions and documents through which scientific power was exerted.

America in Test Tube 6: The Dark Side of Scientific Progress: The Bomb, Eugenics, and Erased Knowledge

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Three chapters in American history reveal the complex relationship of science with power: the secrecy and lack of oversight of the Manhattan Project, the erasure of enslaved people's agricultural knowledge, and the use of eugenics to justify forced sterilization and discrimination.
An illustration of epigenome editing: A CRISPR-guided system binds to a specific region of DNA and changes chemical marks that affect gene activity, without cutting the genetic sequence itself.

The Next Generation of CRISPR: Epigenome Editing Moves to Human Trials

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New systems use CRISPR's navigational capabilities to silence or activate genes without cutting DNA. First clinical trials in FSHD and hepatitis B are testing whether epigenetic modification can be targeted, safe
The killifish is an emerging research model for studying the genetic architecture of aging and age-related pathologies, which often exhibit sex-dependent patterns between females (left) and males (right). Credit: Itamar Harel

The gene that speeds up the start of life – and may take a toll in old age

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New research led by the Hebrew University points to a gene that demonstrates a rare evolutionary compromise: it aids in rapid growth and early sexual maturation, but may shorten life expectancy and increase the risk of tumors later in life.
the fruit of the appendix. By No machine-readable author provided. JuanseG~commonswiki assumed (based on copyright claims). - No machine-readable source provided. Own work assumed (based on copyright claims)., Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=442411

Edit, domesticate, grow: CRISPR brings an unknown relative of the tomato to the field

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Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory researchers have edited genes in Golden Berries to produce plants that are about 35% shorter and easier to plant and harvest, and plan to further improve traits such as fruit size and disease resistance.
Human cells that have undergone gene editing using a novel retron-based gene editing technology. The orange dots indicate successful gene edits. The green dots show a fluorescent protein tag on the surface of mitochondria. Credit: Yu-Cheon Chang / The University of Texas at Austin.

New retron-based DNA editing method to replace CRISPR offers hope for broad treatment of complex genetic diseases

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Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have developed a gene editing technique that can replace damaged DNA segments in their entirety, simultaneously correct a variety of rare mutations, and achieve an efficiency of about 30% of target cells – with initial applications
Transferring medical information via chatbot. Illustration:

Researchers call for adopting a collaborative model in scientific communication that combines values, open discourse, and recognition of uncertainty

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Researchers call for adopting a collaborative model in scientific communication that combines values, open discourse, and recognition of uncertainty
The UC Berkeley research team used CRISPR/Cas9 to increase gene expression in rice by modifying its upstream regulatory DNA. While other studies have used this technology to inactivate or decrease gene expression, this study is the first to use gene editing without bias to increase gene expression and subsequent photosynthetic activity. Credit: RIPE Project.

A research team uses CRISPR/Cas9 to change photosynthesis properties of agricultural crops

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While other studies have used CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to disable or decrease gene expression, the new study published in Science Advances used unbiased gene editing for the first time to increase gene expression and subsequent photosynthetic activity.
Mice. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Mice with two fathers: Scientists create eggs from male cells

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The researchers behind the new study were able to create baby mice with genetic material from two males without any genetic changes. They achieved this by using stem cells to create primordial germ cells (PGCs),
Viruses (seen in the picture as small circles) attack bacteria. Sophisticated immune systems. Source: Weizmann Institute magazine.

Ten bacterial defense mechanisms discovered: the genetic editing toolbox expands

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The figure shows the letters that represent DNA and RNA bases. A CRISPR spin-off is capable of changing bases in DNA and RNA. Source: Shaury Nash.

The most important discoveries in biology in 2017: precise editing of genes; A genetic cure for cancer

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By reprogramming the DNA of harmful microorganisms, such as the E. coli bacteria pictured, biologists turn them into drugs that save patients' lives. Source: NIAID.

Reprogramming bacteria saves life

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Cloned macaque twins born in China, January 2014. Photo: Cell

For the first time cloning of monkeys with a planned mutation: two macaque monkeys were cloned using the "gene editing" method

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