Gravitational lenses

The gravitational lens of the pair of galaxies VV-191 in a joint photograph by Hubble and Webb. Credit: Science: NASA, ESA, CSA, Rogier Windhorst (ASU), William Keel (University of Alabama), Stuart Wyithe (University of Melbourne), JWST PEARLS Team, Image Processing: Alyssa Pagan (STScI)

Measuring dark matter and seeing ancient stars

Prof. Adi Citrin of Ben-Gurion University, using the Webb Space Telescope, maps dark matter in galaxy clusters and exploits the strong gravitational lenses created by the clusters to observe galaxies, massive black holes
The galaxy cluster PLCK G165.7+67.0 and SN H0pe as imaged by the NIRCam instrument on the Webb Space Telescope. Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, Brenda Frey (University of Arizona), Roger Windhorst (ASU), S. Cohen (ASU), Jordan CJ D'Silva (UWA), Anton M. Cuckmore (STScI), Jake Summers (ASU)

The Webb Space Telescope discovered a supernova that updates the Hubble constant - the expansion rate of the universe

The discovery of SN H0pe, a distant supernova that was observed in three replicates using gravitational insolation, allowed researchers to accurately measure the Hubble constant at different times, revealing insights into the expansion rate of the universe
This image is from Gaia's third data release in 2022. The image above is from the new data release, and shows exactly how many new sources have been imaged at the center of the cluster. Only faint stars within Omega Centauri are marked in both images.

Gaia's Galactic Gold Mine: Star Clusters, Cosmic Lenses, Asteroids, and Unexpected Science

The European Space Agency's Gaia mission discovered over half a million new stars, tagged 150,000 asteroids, and identified 380 cosmic lenses. These discoveries advance our understanding of the universe, and prepare the ground for liberation