Genetics

DNA. Illustration: depositphotos.com

The genetic switch that brings immune cells back into battle

In Prof. Ido Amit's laboratory at the Weizmann Institute of Science, they identified a gene whose silencing reprograms immune system cells and can transform them from cancer supporters to cancer killers.
Figure: Morphological variation in the semicircular canals of the ear in Neanderthals. Credit: Alessandro Urciuoli, Institut Català de Paleop

Neanderthals experienced a catastrophic population collapse 110,000 years ago

New study reveals sharp decline in Neanderthal genetic and morphological diversity in evolutionary bottleneck
Pistachios: Credit Bárbara Blanco-Ulate / UC Davis

Cracking the genetic code of the pistachio

New DNA mapping could lead to more nutritious, sustainable pistachios. The climate crisis has brought warmer winters and a drastic reduction in the fog that cooled California. To do this, the tree must adapt to the new conditions,
Two ancient human skulls. Illustration: depositphotos.com

The genetic secret revealed: Humans evolved from two separate ancient species

New research at the University of Cambridge reveals that the modern human genome was created as a result of a merger between two ancient populations, which separated about 1.5 million years ago and reunited about 300 years ago.
Illustration: depositphotos.com

"The Early Warning Signs of Cancer: Epigenetic Discoveries That Inspire Hope"

New study reveals that cancer risk may be determined before birth, suggesting new directions for diagnosis and treatment
Gene therapy. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Can we control genetic inheritance? New RNA research suggests it may be possible

Researchers at the University of Maryland have discovered new pathways for double-stranded dsRNA to enter cells, revealing how RNA influences gene regulation over many generations – insights that could improve RNA-based drugs
The process of gene editing in sperm-derived ESCs to create bipaternal blastocysts.

Chinese scientists engineer a mouse with two male parents

Researchers in China have created a mouse from two ancestors by editing genes in stem cells. The groundbreaking study could impact our understanding of reproduction and the future of medicine.
Image: Selenibacter rover cells (in green) under a microscope. Other colors represent different organisms in the salt. (Credit: Tomeu Viver)

The secret 'sex life' of bacteria: Study challenges old ideas about how species are formed

Researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology have found that bacteria not only create species, but also maintain them in a unique process reminiscent of sexual reproduction.
chromatin structure. Illustration: depositphotos.com

How proteins and DNA shape cell identity

New research reveals a fascinating mechanism of "guided search," in which DNA and chromatin structure act as a "road map," directing proteins to specific genetic targets. The mechanism provides new insights into the acquisition of cellular identity that may promote
Illustrative epigenetics: depositphotos.com

The Technion will award the Harvey Prize to three groundbreaking researchers in the field of cancer epigenetics

Prof. Peter Jones, Prof. Steven Bailin and Prof. Andrew Feinberg will receive the Harvey Award in the field of science and technology for their contribution to the diagnosis of diseases and the development of treatments based on the understanding of epigenetic mechanisms
Evolution of man: display of skulls of our ancestors. Illustration: depositphotos.com

New research may explain why the human brain is so large and developed

A new study conducted at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem presents an innovative method for inferring DNA methylation patterns in tissues that did not come from ancient skeletons, and provides a deeper understanding of the evolutionary processes that shaped the human brain and its functions
Born in Papua, in the province of Papua in Indonesia. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Early humans interbred with three different extinct species of Denisovans

Genes from extinct human species allow the Tibetans to live in a low-oxygen environment, the Papuans got a good immune system and the Inuit (formerly called Eskimos) cope thanks to these genes with the arctic cold
Color medical imaging reviews of anatomical structures with bilateral symmetry.

Gene therapy in an improved recipe

An innovative treatment for Gaucher's disease shows promising results in mice and gives hope to patients after decades of research
A diverse group of people. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Genetically diverse groups are smarter

The study, led by researchers from the Hebrew University and Columbia University, suggests that genetic diversity can significantly improve decision-making processes in a group, something that has profound implications for organizational management, innovation and understanding the role of biodiversity
Imaging of human small intestine tissue using a fluorescence staining method that allows marking a large number of proteins at the same time and thus mapping which proteins are produced in the entire basal area of ​​the intestine

navigate the digestive tract

genetic scan. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Artificial intelligence revealed cancer causes hidden in "junk" DNA

Research at the University of Sydney suggests that non-coding DNA, which makes up 98% of our genome and was previously considered "junk" – that is, lacking a defined function or redundant, may play a crucial role in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Chromosomes A Hrefhttps Depositphotoscom Illustration Depositphotoscom A

The silent competition within us: How our organs choose between mom's and dad's genes

Research conducted by the MRC Medical Sciences Laboratory reveals that cells in different organs selectively express maternal or paternal X chromosomes. This variability, which has been shown in both human data and
Woolly rhinos were once common throughout northern and central Eurasia, before becoming extinct about 10,000 years ago. Credit: Mauricio Anton.

The woolly mammoths' last bastion: Secrets of survival and mysterious extinction on Wrangel Island

The story of the mammoths of Wrangel Island that survived 6,000 years after the mammoths in the rest of the world became extinct
Genetic improvement of crops. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Wolf Prize in Agriculture to three winners for major discoveries in developmental biology of plants that contribute to crop improvement

The winners are Professor Elliot M. Elliot Meyerowitz from Caltech and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, USA, Professor Joanne Chory from the Salk Institute, USA, and Professor Venkatesan "Sundar"
The remains of the "wall of skulls" in the Mayan temple at Chichen Itza in Mexico. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Genetic research reveals new details about the sacrifice of human sacrifices and in particular babies among the Maya

Ancient Mayan genomes reveal the practice of sacrificing male twins hundreds of years before Spanish settlement. In the genetic research, two pairs of male identical twins were found, which corresponds to the stories
A researcher examines a killifish fish. The image was prepared using DALEE and is not a scientific image

Cracking the code for longevity? A breakthrough in understanding the relationship between sex and life expectancy

A study by Hebrew University researchers opens innovative avenues in understanding the influence of sex cells on life expectancy and sheds light on the central role of sex cells and fertility on longevity
Prof. Shani Stern. Photo - Haifa University Spokesperson

A new study at the University of Haifa found for the first time a connection between Parkinson's disease and the extracellular matrix in the brain

Extracellular matrix is ​​the part of the tissue that surrounds the cells and provides them with structural support. Beyond the structural function of the matrix, it is used for a variety of roles, such as separating tissues from one another and controlling
Dr. Lonnie Johnson. Photo: Avi Blizovsky

"Technology accelerates human evolution"

Dr. Lonnie Johnson, an inventor who registered over 100 patents and developed a solid-state battery based on them, describes human evolution as an interactive process between biology and technology, in which each influences and is influenced by its own
Mouse, rabbit and human embryos (right to left) in the same developmental stage - gastrulation (days 8-7.5 of pregnancy in rabbits and mice and around day 18 of development in humans). At this stage the human, rabbit and other vertebrate embryos are almost flat disc-shaped, while the mouse embryo is elongated cylinder-shaped. The images of the mouse and rabbit embryos were created as part of the current study, the image of the human embryo is taken from a study published in 2021 (Richard CV Tyser et al. Single-cell transcriptomic characterization of a gastrulating human embryo. Nature 600: 285-289)

In the rabbit hole

The institute's scientists developed a method that allows real-time monitoring of the development of embryos at the beginning of their journey and applied it for the first time to rabbits. The comparison they made between embryonic development in rabbits and mice gave rise to answers to fascinating questions about
On the right: sperm cell of a healthy mouse. On the left: the product (protein) of the SCAPER gene (colored in red). The photograph shows that SCAPER is located at the head of the sperm cell, including in the nucleus

Between the retina, brain and fertility

On the spectrum of disorders caused by a defect in one gene
X and Y chromosomes. Illustration: depositphotos.com

The complete sequence of the human Y chromosome was assembled for the first time

Scientists have successfully sequenced the entire human Y chromosome, revealing critical genomic features. This groundbreaking research offers deep insights into human biology and potential medical advances. The new sequence reveals genomic factors in fertility,
A scene demonstrating what the Neolithic period looked like. Created using Dali 2

A study conducted in Morocco found genetic kinship between African hunter-gatherers, European farmers and shepherds from the Mazat

This complex interaction of cultures between 5500 and 4500 BC in the Maghreb region led to exchanges of knowledge, cultural changes and mutual genetic influences
Lung macrophages infected with human cytomegalovirus. In bright green - the cells where there is an active infection

On dormant viruses and protective proteins

New discoveries about how the result of infection with a virus from the herpes family is determined and where dormant viruses may hide in the body
Daphnias or not to be... a sick Daphnia (the red one) and a healthy Daphnia. Photo: Einav Marcus

Despite the negative connotation: parasites have a positive effect on biodiversity and play a crucial role in maintaining it

New research shines a positive light on biological stigma
Wheat and rice are the most common food plants in the world. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Researchers have succeeded in deciphering the movement mechanism of the plant hormone gibberellin, which is of great importance to humanity

According to the researchers, it is a hormone, a small signal molecule, which controls the growth of plants. The decoding may help a lot in expanding agricultural crops and dealing with the global food crisis
Different species of foraminifera. Illustration: depositphotos.com

The marine microorganisms that indicate climate change

What makes foraminifera species sensitive to heat?
Epilepsy in children. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Innovative gene therapy may help a severe and fatal developmental epilepsy syndrome that affects children

The research team hopes that the tools developed in this study will pave the way for the development of similar treatments for other rare diseases
The human genome represents a collection of genetic sequences from a diverse group of people. Illustration: depositphotos.com

The first human "pangenome" is designed to catalog genetic diversity

Scientists have published draft results from a comprehensive research effort underway to capture all human genetic variation
Mice. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Mice with two fathers: Scientists create eggs from male cells

The researchers behind the new study were able to create baby mice with genetic material from two males without any genetic changes. They achieved this by using stem cells to create primordial germ cells (PGCs),
Quantum tunneling. Photo: depositphotos.com

Does quantum tunneling cause genetic mutations?

The human DNA molecule contains about three billion bases and replicates every day about two trillion times. In order for the cellular structure to be preserved, the replication process must be incredibly precise, but at the same time, the appearance of mutations
Prof. Dan Farr (Photo: Yonatan Blum)

Unique RNA technology for personalized cancer medicine

The nanomedicine that attacks cancer twice: both improves the effectiveness of chemotherapy and strengthens the immune system
Image from a confocal microscope of the inner ear. Photo credit: Prof. Keren Avraham and Shahar Tiber

For the first time in the world: in a family from Israel, 25 new genes that cause deafness were discovered in Israel and Israel

One of the genes, called ATOH1, was found for the first time in the world to be involved in deafness. Family members in Israel are the first people in the world to be found to have a mutation in this gene - which is responsible for hearing loss
cell division (mitosis). Illustration from PIXABAY.COM

Proteins are also allowed to make mistakes

Tovia Kushnir. From Wikipedia

In memory of Tovia Kushnir

The team of researchers - Lina Kwasami, Maya Brown, Irin Guberman and Dr. Yuval Tabah. Photo courtesy of Dr. Emiliano Cohen, Hebrew University.

A mechanism was found that may explain over 30 genetic diseases

The future of human evolution. Illustration: shutterstock

Human evolution is still happening and may even be accelerating