Hydrogen, the most common element in the universe, is an insulating gas under normal conditions, but at high pressures it may become a superconductor
Hydrogen, the most common element in the universe, is an insulating gas under normal conditions, but at high pressures it may become a superconductor. Now, scientists at the Carnegie Institution for Research in Washington, USA, have discovered a hydrogen-based compound that could aid research into metallic and superconducting forms of hydrogen.
The findings were published in the journal Physical Review Letters and online in the scientific journal Physics.
Hydrogen is the simplest of the elements - it contains only one proton and one neutron. Because hydrogen is so light in weight, quantum theory states that it will still have significant energy even when cooled to very low temperatures. This is why hydrogen only solidifies at fourteen degrees above absolute zero.
Scientists predict that it will be possible to get hydrogen in a metallic form, but the pressure that will be required for this - about four million atmospheres - is even greater than the pressure that exists in the center of the Earth. By creating compounds of hydrogen bound to other elements such as silicon (silicon) it is possible to obtain highly compressed forms of hydrogen that become metallic at the pressures that exist today in research laboratories. In fact, tetrahydrogen silicon (SiH4) becomes a metal at one-tenth the pressure required for pure hydrogen and a superconductor in a million atmospheres.
In the article, the researchers present the results of experiments at high pressures of the mixture of materials tetrahydrogen and pure hydrogen (SiH4 + H2). At a pressure of 7.5 GigaPascal they discovered a new compound - SiH4(H2)2 - in which the hydrogen bonds are unusually weak and may become metallic at higher pressures.
The ultimate goal of these studies is to obtain conditions in which the hydrogen will become metallic, and hopefully also a superconductor, at pressures lower than those required for pure hydrogen.
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To all respondents.
Justice, surprisingly, with all of us together:
1) Indeed, the hydrogen atom contains one proton and one electron, not a neutron. The source of the oversight is in the original article itself and under my full responsibility. (See http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/08/090803110950.htm)
2) Regarding the pressure - indeed atmosphere is the more common method in the public, even though pascal is the standard method for the scientists.
3) I thank you for your interest in my scientific knowledge.
Can someone please send me a link
with information on how energy turns into matter?
what is happening between elementary particles and energy form?
i need it for school project please help
my email mustang.concept@live.com
Cheers
All in all, there was a radioactive emission and instead of an electron a neutron was written, I wonder what Freud would say about that.
Eyal,
You are absolutely right and I agree with you that Dr. Nachmani has great and interesting articles every day. I also read religiously. There are no comments, it seems to me, because the doctor does not usually answer questions about his articles. Surely one is very busy and does his service to Iden in the little free time he has. At the same time, we learned over time that there is no point in asking or responding when there is no reference from the writer. I don't blame him, God forbid - the lack of time is a clear and structured thing in our world as it is
After browsing the internet, I found out that 7.5 giga pascal is 750 thousand atmospheres.
Minor spelling correction - third paragraph, second line: in the center, not in the vehicle.
Harel and Ami are right. But to be precise, a proton with an electron is the common isotope called hydrogen. Dr. Nachmani described, not as usual, an isotope that is less common in nature, but perhaps more common in his work/field of occupation.
Dr. Nachmani,
Other than that, you bring great news. Although there are usually no responses to the news, I can testify that I read most of them, even if I don't respond, and am satisfied. I want to say, keep bringing this kind of news, despite the "ignorance" on our part, the readers.
As far as I know, one proton and one neutron is deuterium (an isotope of hydrogen).
I would recommend the following to use the same units throughout the article (atmosphere versus pascal) as well as to define basic concepts such as "metal" for the benefit of the reader who is not a chemist.
Best regards,
Ami Bachar
I think you got a little confused, hydrogen has one proton and one electron, it has no neutrons except for its isotopes.