The archaeological sites in Belgium and France from which the Neanderthal remains were collected, along with bones identified by DNA as belonging to those individuals and their estimated age. Source: Bossoms Mesa et al., Nature, 2026. Maps created using Natural Earth. Photographs of the remains Spy 94a and Spy 8: Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, CC BY 4.0. Other images adapted from sources listed in the article, CC BY 4.0.

The archaeological sites in Belgium and France from which the Neanderthal remains were collected, along with bones identified by DNA as belonging to those individuals and their estimated age. Source: Bossoms Mesa et al., Nature, 2026. Maps created using Natural Earth. Photographs of the remains Spy 94a and Spy 8: Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, CC BY 4.0. Other images adapted from sources listed in the article, CC BY 4.0.