This is according to a simulation conducted by researchers from Penn State University, in an article published in the journal Astrobiology
Materials from the surface of one planet can fly into space following a major impact and may also preserve within them life at a primitive level such as bacteria, and seed other planets with them in a method known as panspermia.
So claim American researchers who published their findings last Friday in the journal Astrobiology. The researchers calculated how many rocks from Earth that were large enough to sustain life were blown away by asteroid impacts in the past 3.5 billion years.
"We discovered that these rocks can carry life and transfer it from Earth to both Mars and all the other terrestrial planets and Jupiter (especially its moons) says lead researcher Rachel Worth from Penn State University.
"We performed simulations of these emissions to determine how far in the solar system rocks from Earth would reach. We discovered that in addition to the frequent transfer of materials between the inner planets, the transfer of materials from Earth and Mars to the moons of Jupiter and Saturn is also possible, but this is a rarer possibility."
"We estimate that these transfers may have occurred during the late heavy bombardment during the first 1-2 billion years of the solar system. At that time the glacial moons (such as Europa which has an ocean of liquid water inside it known as a kilometer-long layer of ice) were warmer and may have had a layer on them Little if any ice failed to prevent the meteorites from penetrating the liquid interior.We also measured a significant rate of re-hits per million The first years after the ejection, which may reseed a planet (meaning here is Earth AB) with life after total or partial sterilization caused by the asteroid impact, which helped the survival of early life during the late great bombardment." In other words, self-panspermia should not be ruled out.
The asteroid that hit Chicxulub in Mexico 65 million years ago and caused the extinction of the dinosaurs and almost all living things of that time was an object the size of a small city that collided with Earth. The collision also caused volcanic eruptions and forest fires that choked the Earth with dust and smoke. From the collision, rocks with a total weight of 70 billion kg were also launched into space. According to the calculation, about 20 tons of them could have reached the fair moon Europa, and if some of the rocks were large enough to preserve life, they could sow it alive. The researchers estimate that there is a chance of about -50%
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Miracles, what is survival? Where did they survive? The bacteria that were at the front of the fire did not survive
"From the collision, rocks with a total weight of 70 billion kg were also launched into space. According to the calculation, about 20 tons of them could reach the fair moon Europa, and if some of the rocks were big enough to preserve life, they could sow it alive."
If it really happened, we would have to find a very large number of rocks, and indeed some of the heaviest - orbiting around the Earth even at short ranges, like satellites, and likewise around the moon, right?
It is possible to seed the universe with life by hundreds of thousands of small and resistant capsules of bacterial spores, in the collision of two stars or in a super nova explosion.
The asteroid from 65 million years ago is doubtful if it caused the extinction of the dinosaurs. Certainly and certainly he did not supposedly cause widespread extinctions of other life forms throughout the entire planet.
The truth about the dinosaurs is that they were in a long process of extinction for tens of millions of years, before their final extinction about 65 million years ago. In fact, 65 million years ago their distribution was reduced to almost only one niche in the center of the two American continents. Since the aforementioned asteroid hit exactly this niche, it wiped out their last remnants.
As for the claim that the asteroid wiped out most of the other forms of life on Earth, this is a debunked claim. This is a claim that was never claimed by serious experts, widespread extinction was only in the area close to the impact area, in the rest of the world there were no proven immediate extinctions. The fact that life forms of that time became extinct many days ago is not related to the asteroid but to the nature of evolution. Almost no life form survives 65 million years, except for rare life forms that have a phenomenal breeding capacity (like cockroaches), or rare life forms in a very stable climatic environment (like sharks).
Climate conditions have changed a lot in the last 100 million years, only animals that have adapted to the changes have survived. The birds, which are flying dinosaurs, survived. The rest of the non-flying dinosaurs did not adapt to the changes and therefore became extinct. The crocodiles, by the way, survived with small changes, even though they are an evolutionary branch that existed before the dinosaurs. The crocodiles survived perhaps because their living environment, river water, was a fairly stable climatic environment (animals since time immemorial must come to rivers for drinking and bathing purposes, therefore they serve as stable food for crocodiles).
Since the panspermia researchers have shown a lack of understanding regarding what happened evolutionary 65 million years ago - they are disqualified from having a serious opinion regarding the panspermia that allegedly occurred 65 million years ago. They have a creative imagination, they don't have an evolutionary understanding, which will be converted into science fiction movies.
"On the other hand, the chances of life arising from inanimate matter are also slim - but we are still here"
This is a gross error!
The situation is exactly the opposite!
That is:
The chances of life arising from inanimate matter are extremely high.
A little extra on "nothing"
It could be that our dimensions were with "nothing", and due to a game of several dimensions, it could be that the total is empty, but when dividing into dimensions, something (dimension) receives a pulse and something negative and thus something is created
Something about creating life from "nothing", since the mathematical space of the universe has an infinity of dimensions, and in addition, whoever knows how to transfer information or material from one dimension to another, because there are an infinity of dimensions, there is an increased chance that the one who had the knowledge has transferred it, and therefore also to our usual three dimensions There is a chance that someone transferred "a life that develops by itself" if he knew how to transfer, and his "legs" are in another dimension
point
Bacteria survived the Challenger shuttle crash.
Do you really think that your "calculation" is more reliable than a simulation by experts in the field? As Sheldon says … let me chuckle….
Nakanda
On the other hand, the chances of life arising from inanimate matter are also slim - but we are here nonetheless.
And the chance that life (in its primitive form) can survive in extreme temperatures is slim - and yet it happens here on Earth.
50 million percent.
Just by thinking about the numbers involved here you can immediately see that this is an unlikely event at all.
Just from the force of the impact itself most of the life on the jaws will be destroyed. Add to that the high temperatures they reach with the friction in the air. Add to that the exposure to direct sunlight. the extreme temperatures in space. the cosmic radiation. the chance that such a rock will even hit some tiny mass called the moon that is hundreds of millions of kilometers away from here. Add to that the friction in entering that moon. the extreme conditions in the collision. And the fact that that block does not at all have the same chemistry from which that living creature came.
In short, such an event is suitable for publication in newspapers for the masses, but these are legends and nothing more.