The brain - basic studies

Non-invasive hippocampal-focused brain stimulation reduced intrusive memories in PTSD: Preliminary findings from Tel Aviv University

A pilot study published in the journal Brain Stimulation found that fMRI-based personalized TMS therapy, administered immediately after traumatic memory activation during the reconsolidation phase, reduced flashbacks and intrusive thoughts in ten participants.
Neurons grown from stem cells in the lab form a connected network. In this study, researchers used CRISPR to turn off genes in stem cells, then monitored how successfully the cells developed into neurons. Scale bar: 100 micrometers.

CRISPR screening maps hundreds of genes essential for brain cell development and identifies new syndrome in children

An international team of researchers, including those from the Hebrew University, identified 331 genes critical for neuronal differentiation, and pointed to PEDS1 as a cause of a neurodevelopmental disorder.
Microscopic photograph: In the top row - a photograph of the brain of a normal fly, and in the bottom row - the brain of a fly with neurodegeneration, showing holes in the brain. Credit: Shai Kloksi

An enzyme that prevents sleep and mood disorders

The researchers showed that a deficiency in SIRT6 (which declines with age) diverts tryptophan into the neurotoxic kynurenine pathway at the expense of serotonin and melatonin production; inhibiting the enzyme TDO2 in fruit flies reduced brain damage and neuromotor deterioration. The findings were published in Nature
Prof. Christian Meyer presents the multi-million-unit neuromorphic computer at the TSMC conference in Amsterdam. Photo: Avi Blizovsky

Narrowing the energy efficiency gap between the brain and artificial intelligence

At the 2025 TSMC Europe OIP conference in Amsterdam, Prof. Christian Meyer from TU Dresden presented SpiNNaker-2 – a giant neuromorphic computer, based on event processing and thin-edge hardware, designed to run artificial intelligence models in real time.
Bird consciousness. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Why did evolution create consciousness and do it more than once?

Researchers at Ruhr University Bochum are investigating why consciousness evolved and why different species have developed it in different ways. By comparing humans to birds, they show that complex consciousness may arise through different neural structures.
A brain that runs away from losses. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Brain runs away from loss: This is how the brain makes adventurous decisions to avoid losses

Weizmann Institute and Ichilov Institute study reveals, using electrodes deep in the brain, how loss avoidance mechanisms affect learning, memory, and anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorders
Cuddle with a cat. Illustration: depositphotos.com

What does owning a cat do to your brain (and theirs) and how does it relate to oxytocin?

New research shows that the love hormone, oxytocin, not only strengthens social bonds between humans – but also deepens the connection with cats, with the key being gentle touch and mutual trust.
Dementia. Press releases. Illustration: depositphotos.com

10 Surprising Ways Diabetes and Dementia Are Intertwined

Diabetes affects the brain through energy utilization, blood vessels, and inflammation—and sometimes the same medications work on both systems. Recent studies suggest a mutual connection:
Tylenol. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Trump warns against using Tylenol during pregnancy and promotes new autism drug – Medical community: No conclusive evidence

President Trump has declared that acetaminophen, the active ingredient in Tylenol (paracetamol), may increase the risk of autism in pregnancy, and has promoted the use of leucovorin as an experimental treatment. Researchers and medical associations emphasize: There is no evidence of causation, Tylenol is considered
Football tackles cause damage to the player's brain. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Football tackles cause severe damage to the area of ​​the brain essential for cognition

A new imaging technique developed at Columbia University has identified areas of the cerebral cortex – just behind the forehead – that are most severely damaged by repeated impacts from hitting a ball, a well-known phenomenon in hitters.
The developing brain of a two-week-old mouse pup under the microscope. The oxytocin system is highlighted in green and a light-sensitive protein is highlighted in red. The combination of colors causes the oxytocin cells that also successfully express the protein to be colored yellow. In blue - the cell nuclei

Spotlight on the developing brain: Separation in early childhood alters the oxytocin system

Weizmann Institute of Science scientists have developed a new optogenetic technology that allows them to study the activity of the oxytocin system deep in the young brain. Their findings show that this protein, known as the "love hormone," influences the coping of mouse pups.
Psychiatry. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Dassault Systèmes and FondaMental launch a national medical database for psychiatry in France

New collaboration establishes secure medical database in sovereign cloud in France, designed to improve diagnosis, research and treatment of psychiatric disorders – while meeting the highest standards for protecting sensitive information
From right: Dr. Naama Darzi, Prof. Ayelet Erez, Dr. Natalie Rosenfeld and Dr. Elizaveta Bab-Dinitz. Photo by Weizmann Institute Spokesperson

It's all in the head: Blocking the communication channel between the brain and liver may prevent life-threatening weight loss in cancer patients

Research at the Weizmann Institute of Science demonstrates how communication between the brain and the body's organs plays a critical role in health and disease
The brain and nervous system. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Is intelligence hereditary? Scientists discover genetic brain condition that allows for cognitive flexibility

A new study based on brain scans of twins reveals that the brain's ability to maintain near-critical activity – essential for mental function – is influenced by genes, suggesting a direct link between heredity,
Motor learning process in the brain, VTA and M1 are connected, dopamine in the learning process.

Brain researchers at the Technion: Dopamine – the key to acquiring motor skills

Collaboration between two researchers at the Rappaport Faculty of Medicine reveals that local release of dopamine in the motor cortex is a key to acquiring new motor skills
An artistic illustration of the brain's "speed limit" – we think, process, and decide at a slow rate of 10 bits per second. Credit: J. Zheng

The surprising limit to human thinking speed – only 10 bits per second

The paradox is that sensory input processing is done at a speed 100 million times faster than the speed of thought * Principal Investigator: "At any given moment, we extract only 10 bits out of a trillion that our senses perceive and use."
The connections between the neurons in the brain. Illustration: depositphotos.com

When the Subconscious Meets the Conscious: Human Creativity in the Age of Artificial Intelligence

Prof. Rafi Malach from the Weizmann Institute reveals how fast bursts and slow waves in the human brain are the basis for conscious and creative processes, and offers ways to utilize the brain's capabilities in the technological age
loss Illustration: depositphotos.com

A new method for therapeutic intervention to prevent suicide in teenagers

Researchers have discovered biological and psychological characteristics that increase the risk of suicidal behavior among teenagers and have developed an application that helps with mental coping
New research suggests that the brain creates at least three copies of each memory. This also includes those encoded by early-formed neurons, which appear purple in a microscope cross-section of a mouse hippocampus. (Image credit: Biozentrum, University of Basel) 

The brain stores at least three copies of each memory 

New research in mice suggests that the brain creates multiple copies of memories, allowing it to regulate their change over time
Electrodes in different areas of the brain reveal brain activity in real time. The colored dots show the locations of all electrodes in all patients, color coded by brain region. The red dots in the lower images show the electrode locations in the DMN. From the study.

Neurologists have identified the origins of creativity in the brain

Creativity is a unique brain function. Local damage to the brain as a result of a stroke can lead to changes in creative ability—both positive and negative. This discovery suggests that the neurological basis of creativity can be narrowed down.
A baby's brain. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Scientists discover amazing similarities between baby brains and artificial intelligence

Recent research shows that babies use their period of helplessness to develop cognitive models, similar to the early training of artificial intelligence (AI), challenging old theories about the immaturity of the infant brain and even
Individual and group influence. Courtesy of Dr. Hila Rimer

Joy, sadness and everything in between

Researchers examined how personal and group emotion, combined with positive and negative emotions, affect attitudes
Identical twins. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Identical twins, one has schizophrenia and the other is healthy. The difference in gene expression is already in the embryonic stage

This was found in a new study conducted at the University of Haifa and published in the prestigious journal Molecular Psychiatry from NATURE
autism. Illustration: depositphotos.com

The prevalence of autism in the present and in the future

A new study reveals a significant increase in the rate of people with autism in the community in Israel, which requires appropriate preparation
Social hierarchy in mice. The image was produced using DALEE and should not be considered a scientific image

The race to the top of the wild mouse

Research in field mice under conditions simulating a natural environment reveals the different strategies used by females and males in creating social hierarchies
Smoking and ultraviolet radiation end the effects of aging. Credit: The Science website via DALEE

The cause of aging: cumulative damage from factors such as radiation and smoking causes low expression of long genes

Dutch researchers found that this process happens all the time and damages all genes, but the longer the genes, the more likely they are to be damaged because they have more sites. Especially the big damage is
Dr. Catherine Vandorna. Photo: Nitzan Zohar, Technion spokesperson

This is how the bone marrow reacts to injuries and infections

Dr. Kathryn Vandorna from the Faculty of Biomedical Engineering at the Technion has developed a new method that allows the monitoring of the formation of immune blood cells in the bone marrow. For this purpose, she used tiny magnetic particles of iron oxide, which
Prof. Haim Sompolinsky Kris Snibbe Harvard file photo

Prof. Haim Sompolinsky won the most important international award in the field of brain research for 2024 awarded by the Danish Lundbeck Foundation

Prof. Haim Sompolinski is the first Israeli researcher to win the prestigious award, he himself was born in Denmark whose father, Prof. David Sompolinski, was among the members of the underground who smuggled the Jews to Sweden by boat
A man implanted with a brain chip and started walking. The image was created by the artificial intelligence software DALEE and is presented as an illustration only and is not a scientific image.

First brain chip that treats epilepsy and OCD at the same time

Implanting a chip in the brain as recently done by Elon Musk's company Neurolink can, if done correctly, save patients with severe brain diseases, and that the patients no longer respond to drug treatment
Reading thoughts before they become words. The figure was prepared using DALEE software after reading the article.

mind reading? Researchers have developed a method that will allow us to know what we are going to say before we speak

Individual neurons could recognize, for example, when we are about to touch our tongue to our palate to say the letter D * This will enable the development of prostheses for those suffering from speech problems
The pituitary gland of the zebrafish. The variety of cell types are marked in different colors: in purple - phytocytes, in red and green - two types of hormone-producing cells

Where does the fish secrete from: back to the origins of the pituitary gland

Weizmann Institute scientists are challenging a 200-year-old doctrine about the formation of the gland from the secretion of hormones. Their findings may lead to new approaches in the treatment of various medical problems
A robot implants a chip in a person. The image was prepared by DALEE artificial intelligence software after reading the article. It should not be seen as a scientific picture

Elon Musk's Neuralnik Implanted a Chip in a Man's Brain: Medical and Ethical Implications

The chip should provide a variety of health and scientific benefits, including the ability to measure brain activity and give people with physical or mental disabilities new abilities. However, Musk's company and Musk in general have a history
Illustration: Prof. Shira Knafo using artificial intelligence

The mechanism that dramatically links anxiety and testosterone has been discovered

Krim suggests a close link between low levels of testosterone and anxiety disorder, although the exact nature of this relationship remains unclear. Clinical evidence suggests testosterone's potential in relief
stereotypic biases. Illustration: depositphotos.com

When and why are we ready to give up money?

Researchers have found that fulfilling a stereotype leads to a reward response in the brain and that people are even willing to give up money for it
The tears flow by themselves. Illustration: depositphotos.com

In the tears you cry: smelling women's tears reduces aggression in men

Scientists at the Weizmann Institute of Science discovered that tears activate human olfactory receptors, even though they are odorless, affecting the brain activity associated with aggression - and leading to more peaceful and less vengeful behavior
Hadas Calderon with a picture of her son Erez who was kidnapped to Gaza together with his father Ofer and his sister Sahar. The photo was taken on October 30, 2023. Sahar and Erez were later released. Ofer is still in captivity. Photo: L.A.M

The nervous mechanism that goes wrong as a result of exposure to a severe event at a tender age

Weizmann Institute of Science scientists reveal in unprecedented detail how trauma in newborn mice shapes their brains and impairs their social functions in adulthood * A corresponding behavioral expression in humans may take the form of
bipolar disorder. Illustration: depositphotos.com

With a simple blood test it is possible to identify people dealing with bipolar disorder and whether they will respond to lithium treatment

One of the most common treatments for bipolar disorder today is the drug lithium - a drug to which only about a third of patients respond. The research aims to understand what causes this
Credit - the research group of Prof. Aviv Metzer and Dr. Tal Shahar

MRI scans can provide information about the iron balance in the brain to help monitor and diagnose various diseases, in a non-invasive manner

This new measurement method, developed by the doctoral student Shir Filo and Prof. Metzer, will allow the extraction of precise biological values ​​on the brain, so that it will be possible to derive from an MRI test similar indices to those obtained from a test
Prof. Stephen Hawking and the computer he used for his mouth. Illustration: depositphotos.com

Read melodies from the brain with Pink Floyed

A new study, published in mid-August in the prestigious journal PLOS Biology, reveals a way to decipher the songs playing inside the brain. In doing so, he also provides an explanation about the way in which different areas of the brain differ

חולטה-השולל בהישולל בהישורים, the true reason for ליירירי הדיור ושיטה הגאוניט ההופקת את מעציעה השולל לעבדים מודריםים

Chapter nine from the book: "The Free Man - Evolutionary Psychology, Brain Research and Understanding the Mind"
oxytocin. Illustration: depositphotos.com

The biology that enables social behavior

Following the oxytocin infusion, men's desire to compete increased more than women's desire to do so
the human brain. Illustration: depositphotos.com

A grant of about one million dollars to a team of researchers who will try to find out why the human brain is stronger than other organisms

Researchers at the Hebrew University and the University of Kentucky believe that a specific type of protein, which has not been studied before, substantially increases the molecular complexity in the brain and improves its function. "Such a discovery may have implications for the study of neurological diseases
Prof. Michal Schwartz. Photo: Weizmann Institute Spokesperson

Prof. Michal Schwartz from the Weizmann Institute won the Israel Prize for research on the relationship between the immune system and the nervous system

Prof. Schwartz challenged the convention that nerve cells do not regenerate or recover, and discovered that the immune system also takes care of them. She also studied the blood-brain barrier and discovered that it is prevented
Be old, feel young. Illustration: Sally Neve

Be old, feel young

Perceptions of aging by elderly patients affect their health after hospitalization
John McCarthy, Head of Life Sciences and Health at Dassault Systèmes. Photo: Avi Blizovsky

The target is the brain

The living brain project of Dassault Systèmes makes it possible to develop treatments for epilepsy patients who do not respond to drugs, says John McCarthy, head of life sciences and health at Dassault Systèmes in an interview with the science website at the CES conference
pains Illustration: depositphotos.com

Pain threshold: People with autism experience pain at a higher intensity

The new study contradicts the popular opinion that people with autism are apparently "indifferent to pain"
Memristor array under probe station. Photo credit: Nitzan Zohar, Technion Spokesperson

Prof. Shahar Kotinsky from the Technion and his colleagues from Tower developed hardware inspired by the brain and implementing artificial intelligence algorithms

In a study now published in Nature Electronics, Prof. Kutinsky demonstrates the effectiveness of said technology in neural networks. Dr. Wei Wang and Dr. Louis Daniel, who were members of the research group of Prof.
Elon Musk and his vision of manned flight to Mars. Image: depositphotos.com

Elon Musk: How being autistic can make him think differently

Musk recently revealed this, and autism researchers seek to use it to advance understanding of the unique traits and different minds of people on the autistic stream
mind reading. Image: depositphotos.com

A new development: the mind transcriber that raises ethical concerns

When the researchers played the subjects new stories, they found that their transcriber managed to produce sentences that described the stories "fairly well". The transcription is not perfect, but there is certainly a similarity