"In a study published by Prof. Asher Yehalom in the journal UNIVERSE, he claims that in order to explain cosmological inflation, which was an important element in the development of the universe as we know it, one must take into account the different structure of space and time that existed near the starting point, this structure supported great speed from the speed of light in contrast to the current structure"
According to the accepted scientific theory, the universe was created in the big bang according to about 14 billion years:
As a result of the explosion, the universe was filled with electromagnetic radiation, the radiation was discovered by two researchers Penzias Wilson in 1965, and since then has been known as the cosmic background radiation (CMB).
And what characterizes the radiation is the uniformity in intensity and color composition (spectrum) in every direction in the sky you look at. Because the calculations show that it is not possible to reach such a uniformity as long as the signals and particles in nature move at the low speed or equal to the speed of light. The calculations show that it is not possible to achieve uniformity at a distance exceeding one meter, while in practice the uniformity extends over 1026 meter (a number containing 1 and twenty-six zeros after it, for comparison the number one million contains only six zeros). In order to explain the phenomenon, the cosmological inflation model was developed, which claims that for various reasons (for example, the existence of a unique inflation field) the universe, which was very small at the moment of the big bang, developed to enormous dimensions in only a short time, which allowed all its parts to be in contact with each other at the beginning.
The idea was first coined by Alan Guth in the 1980s and so was the term cosmological inflation which assumed the existence of an inflationary field.
In a work published in the journal UNIVERSE, it was proven that if the structure of space-time was different (in technical language, a Euclidean structure instead of Lorentzian) at the time of the formation of the universe, the limit of the speed of light did not apply, which led to both rapid expansion and uniformity, and this without having to assume a unique ad hoc inflation field. This work is related to earlier work that showed that the current structure of space-time (Lorentz structure) that limits motion to the speed of light is related to low matter density but not necessarily high matter density.
The fundamental difference between Euclidean and Lorentzian space-time is related to a theorem we all know from school: the Pythagorean theorem. The theorem is described in the figure below for Euclidean space-time in the usual and familiar form:
On the other hand, in Lorentzian space-time (which is the space-time in which we live and described by special relativity) this sentence has a slightly different form, not to mention puzzling:
When the geometry is taken into account for the purpose of calculating a particle's trajectory (relatively speaking, this is the shortest trajectory in curved space-time, a trajectory also called geodesy) the following conclusions are reached regarding the particle's effective mass. In Lorentzian space-time we get an effective mass:
where m is the rest mass, v is the speed of the particle and c is the speed of light in vacuum. That is, the faster the particle becomes, the more its effective mass increases and therefore it is more difficult to accelerate it, and in particular the effective mass becomes infinite at the speed of light and therefore infinite energy is needed to accelerate the particle to this speed. On the other hand, in Euclidean space-time:
Therefore there is no obstacle to accelerate the particle beyond the speed of light and even to speeds much higher than the speed of light. This fact allows the particles of matter in the early universe to come into contact with each other and reach uniformity. It also allows matter to spread rapidly which causes a rapid decrease in density and the collapse of the early Euclidean structure into the familiar Lorentzian structure.
The work was presented at the BASIC 2023 conference.
Yahalom, Asher. 2022.”The Primordial Particle Accelerator of the Cosmos" Universe 8, no. 11: 594. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe8110594 arXiv:2211.09674 [gr-qc].
A. Yahalom "The Primordial Particle Accelerator of the CosmosBASIC 2023, 8-14 February 2023, Stella Maris, Long Island, Bahamas.
Asher Yahalom "The Geometrical Meaning of Time" [“The Linear Stability of Lorentzian Space-Time” Los-Alamos Archives – gr-qc/0602034, gr-qc/0611124]
Foundations of Physics http://dx.doi.o
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Come on, come on too
"Time" does not exist as a phenomenon in reality. "Time" is a mental abstraction of "change". "Time" is indistinguishable without change. In a frozen world without any change, not even at the particle level, time would not exist. We notice the change directly, through personal experience.
Every change in reality has additional characteristics. Change in space - movement. change in color Weight change, etc. A change without unique characteristics but only in the common characteristics is an abstract change and is "time". Change has a direction - from a previous state to a current state that replaces it - and therefore time also has a direction.
Time is a mental invention that aims to simplify the treatment of "change" which is very complicated.
It is now necessary to define what past, future and present are in terms of change. etc'.
By the way, traveling back in time is not possible and has no meaning because time does not exist! One can think of some kind of REWIND of reality. In a subsystem it has meaning. Indeed, for example, in a motion picture it is possible.
Nothing has been proven. This is another theory...
The whole idea of a universe being is based on a mistake of the ancient philosophers.
Reality can be explained in a different way. See
https://www.academia.edu/96020532/The_interaction_based_theory_IbT_of_everything
The field of consciousness is the place where time does not exist that gave birth to the universe where time exists and is limited to the speed of light. (The seam where the explanation between quantum theory and general relativity will be found)
No big bang or background radiation..
James Webb proved that there are galaxies beyond the date of the bang.
Background radiation is simply matter emitted from black holes in the centers of galaxies.
Our galaxy itself is older than the Big Bang date.