Does the computer really know how to read or is it just pretending?
Idan Sobol NFC
Artificial intelligence or mind craft?
Does the computer really know how to read or is it just pretending...
23/07/2004 | Idan Sobol | idol@actcom.co.il
The human knowledge that has accumulated in the world since our ancestors ate from the fruit of the tree of knowledge and were expelled from the divine paradise or came down from Darwin's trees and began to count their steps on the virgin lands of ancient times, bursts forth like a spring that rises almost everywhere where a human foot has set foot, washing the world the whole First orally, later in writing and finally, especially in the last decades, a new ocean is being created on the face of the earth: the digital ocean of information, registered on the birth certificate as www and referred to by everyone as the "Internet".
Every human creation on earth can today easily enter this ocean and sail it to their heart's content. It is true that it has regulated islands whose shores mooring and disembarking involves a fee, and where special services are provided to visitors, but these are mainly intended for yacht owners and professional sailors. Most of the information ocean is open for free. For every reason.
Da-Eka, that the fish in the ocean of information are many and different and slippery; Some of them are ugly but edible, some are spectacular but poisonous, some are tasty but impure, some are kosher but smelly, and only a minority are both beautiful and tasty and nutritious, but these, as we know, are elusive like no other.
But man, who is the wisest of all the animals on the face of the earth or at least thinks of himself as such - went and created special tools for himself with the intention of raising only the choicest fish for himself. These tools were called by man, who is usually also a proud creation by nature, "search engines", even though they are similar in every way. Indeed, these search engines paid out of the ocean thousands upon thousands of groundfish for every whale they brought up, if any.
The situation got worse as the ocean grew. The manufacturers of the search engines went to the bone and shouted "gewald" which in the professional language means "robbery and break-in". As soon as their cry became louder, they began to give advice on how to break the evil, as it is said: "Take advice and sew." But there is no prophet in his city even if you call him Isaiah...
And so it turned out that all the high-tech prophets, wherever they were, produced search engines that were so similar in their properties that if they had not had different names - God himself, who at the time distinguished between darkness and light and between water and water, would not have succeeded in distinguishing them.
In all of them alike, you looked for a rope to tie your heart with - you found a painful one; You asked for the name of the place - you got punched; You asked for a cure - they corrupted your form; In short and to the point: a waste of time...
And this is how things really look behind the scenes:
Habol = geographical area
Rope = thick thread
Too bad = painful
Shame = an expression of sorrow
Rope = hit
Too bad = spoiled
rope = saboteur
rope = trellis
Rope = part
Rope = group
And if that's not enough:
Holiday = flying above or around
Holiday = a day of joy
Holiday = draw a circle
And if even this is not enough:
Citrus = the plural of the fruits and trees of the citrus family
Darim = went down south
Hadrim = the residents, the dwellers
Darim = the pearls (from the plural form of "dar")
Or, not on us:
Capta = coercion, the control
Kofta = knot
and also:
Capta = her small, brimless hat, her beret
Capta = the palm of her hand or foot
Kefta = the vaulted ceiling
And of course:
Naotz = given advice
Stuck = stuck
Locked = included
And no more but that:
Nathan the prophet gave a guarantee.
Yehoshua ben-Nun's heart was wide when Rahav answered him.
And yet:
Ani - answer (if you don't want to keep the right to remain silent...)
Poor - causing torture
poor without means
And above all of these - the polysemy:
Love Yulia ("You will know what love is"...)
Loves chocolate (common culinary love)
loves his children (fatherly love)
likes to be undone (a matter of habit...)
loves himself (narcissist)
loves lisbol (masochist)
likes to hurt (sadist)
loves to destroy (despot)
likes to annoy
likes to spend time (hedonist)
And if you are not a personal computer or even a supercomputer - go out and think about how to solve all this complexity using chips from Silicon Valley...
More than sixty years ago, before man was able to release the wild energy that resides within every atom of matter, man began to produce and use enormous computing machines that today we may liken to dinosaurs: a small head and a gigantic body.
During decades of computer evolution, the creatures were transformed and as the body grew smaller, the head grew larger, and instead of a dinosaur appeared a dwarf creature similar to Rumplestiltskin who was supposed to have the ability to turn straw into gold.
The creators of the first computer were deeply impressed by its performance, which at the time was still considered miraculous, to the point that, due to over-breathing, they began to use the term "artificial intelligence" to describe its features. But over the years, it became clear that the straw, despite being spun with increasing speed, did not turn into gold, and the bina remained the property of the animals, chiefly man, from time immemorial to this very day.
The wise among the researchers stopped talking about artificial intelligence a long time ago and started talking about sophisticated exploitation of the computer's unique feature: enormous calculation speed, and began to exploit this speed in a parallel way as well. What it's like: Instead of sending one bomber every night for a thousand nights to destroy Dresden, you can send a thousand bombers in one night. The resulting destruction effect is what is nowadays called a "synergistic effect" and is many times more effective than the thousand sorties of the single bomber.
But a computer is a computer is a computer, and the learning ability of a baby with a normal level of intelligence is thousands of times greater than the ability of all Pentagon computers combined.
Within a few years since the birth of an ordinary baby, his mind absorbs pragmatic knowledge in quantity and quality and the ability to manipulate that knowledge and deduce something from something and make all kinds of original uses of things - at a level that does not exist in all the supercomputers in the world combined. And this is no longer a joke in the eyes of scientists for decades.
One of the most advanced attempts in the field of computing human intelligence is the attempt to give a computer "understanding" of a natural language, such as the Hebrew language, the buds of the problems it provokes we demonstrated above.
As we know, the computer by its very nature does not understand sentences in the human language and recognizes the individual words as a sequence of digital signals. In order to make the computer "understand" the connections between these digital sequences, they must be given certain properties that must also be represented in different digital sequences and they must even have relationships with each other, but these relationships must also be represented through different digital sequences. And this is still not enough, of course, to allow a computer to understand a single sentence. All this complexity begins to function normally only after years of trial and error and drawing lessons from the failures that occurred to the computer in "reading comprehension", and all this when it is still, as I recall, at the level of the single sentence and not at the level of an unknown passage (which we all know and dislike as unseen passage from the exam period in English literature).
The attempts and efforts of the many linguists all over the world to computerize the cognitive linguistic processing by locating and formulating a sophisticated algorithm, by means of which the meaning of a word will be determined by a complete computerized tagging, or such tagging of a section, section, chapter, or the full text in which it appears The sought-after word in its special meaning (what is now called "computational linguistics" in the field of "artificial intelligence") - still Wetting their diapers, as each of you has surely noticed for a long time, and we have not yet talked about translating from language to language or about scanning an article and delivering a summary of its content (Ratio) - and above all these
Hess not to mention the song's lyrics.
In the overwhelming majority of cases, the "smart" algorithms are revealed to be limited and of low efficiency in understanding single and extremely simple sentences, and as having critical deviations in understanding complex sentences (not to mention an ultra-complex sentence such as Molly Bloom's famous monologue in the 18th and last chapter of Ulysses, by James Joyce, spanning about 70 pages without a single punctuation mark and singular!).
Since it is known or at least apparent, in the human brain the cognitive perception of the "complete pattern" of the sentence precedes the perception of its components, a process that is in stark contrast to the nature of the computerized search - the brain is probably aided by imagination and intuition when reading, above and beyond the analogies and connections made in it between verbs, nouns and adjectives, and it is possible To say with a great degree of certainty, that he guesses the meanings of the words within a certain sentence, while In order and before the complete analysis of the trial ends.
In other words, it can be said that human language tends to "obey" the rules of Gestalt theory, according to which "the whole is more than the sum of its parts" and as soon as individual words coalesce into a complete sentence, a variable is inflated, their forms vary, their shades multiply, and the ability to control them pure automatic control no longer exists; Each word, in fact, takes on practical dimensions, and I will try to deal with these wonderful dimensions and the attempts to handle them in a computerized way in the next article, if this is allowed and if you even want to...
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